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Fee Juice is the native fee token on Aztec, used to pay for transaction fees. It is bridged Aztec tokens from L1 and is **non-transferable** on L2 - it can only be used to pay fees, not sent between accounts.
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:::note
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Fee Juice is sometimes referred to as "Aztec token" in protocol documentation. They are the same thing.
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The SDK and protocol code use "gas" in variable names (e.g., `daGas`, `l2Gas`) for historical reasons, but conceptually these represent mana.
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:::
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## What is Fee Juice?
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Fee Juice is the native fee token on Aztec, used to pay for transaction fees. It is bridged Aztec tokens from Ethereum and is **non-transferable** on Aztec - it can only be used to pay fees, not sent between accounts.
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Aztec borrows ideas from EIP-1559, including congestion multipliers and the ability to specify base and priority fees per mana.
A fee payer will have Fee Juice from bridging Aztec tokens from Ethereum (L1). On Aztec this fee asset is non-transferable, and only deducted by the protocol to pay for fees. A user can claim bridged Fee Juice and use it to pay for transaction fees in the same transaction.
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A fee payer obtains Fee Juice by bridging Aztec tokens from Ethereum. The fee payer can be the account itself or a fee-paying contract (FPC), which functions similarly to a paymaster on Ethereum. On Aztec, Fee Juice is non-transferable and only deducted by the protocol to pay for fees. A user can claim bridged Fee Juice and use it to pay for transaction fees in the same transaction.
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The mechanism for bridging is the same as any other token. For more on this concept see the [Token Bridge Tutorial](../tutorials/js_tutorials/token_bridge.md) which describes portal contracts and [cross-chain messaging](../aztec-nr/framework-description/how_to_communicate_cross_chain.md).
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Fee Juice uses an enshrined `FeeJuicePortal` contract on Ethereum for bridging, unlike user-deployed token portals. The underlying cross-chain messaging mechanism is similar to other tokens - for more on this concept see the [Token Bridge Tutorial](../tutorials/js_tutorials/token_bridge.md) which describes portal contracts and [cross-chain messaging](../aztec-nr/framework-description/how_to_communicate_cross_chain.md).
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### Payment methods
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An account with Fee Juice can pay for its transactions directly, including deployment of a new account, if Fee Juice has been bridged to the address where the account will be deployed.
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An account with Fee Juice can pay for its transactions directly. A new account can even pay for its own deployment transaction, provided Fee Juice was bridged to its address before deployment.
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Alternatively, accounts can use fee-paying contracts (FPCs) to pay for transactions. FPCs accept tokens and pay fees in Fee Juice on behalf of users. Common patterns include:
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Alternatively, accounts can use [fee-paying contracts (FPCs)](../aztec-js/how_to_pay_fees.md#fee-payment-contracts-fpc) to pay for transactions. FPCs accept tokens and pay fees in Fee Juice on behalf of users. Common patterns include:
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-**Sponsored FPCs**: Pay fees unconditionally, enabling free transactions for users
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-**Token-accepting FPCs**: Accept a specific token in exchange for paying fees
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