diff --git a/.cirrus.yml b/.cirrus.yml
deleted file mode 100644
index 3170c4cccc9..00000000000
--- a/.cirrus.yml
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,339 +0,0 @@
-env:  # Global defaults
-  SECP256K1_TEST_ITERS: 16 # ELEMENTS: avoid test timeouts on arm
-  PACKAGE_MANAGER_INSTALL: "apt-get update && apt-get install -y"
-  MAKEJOBS: "-j3" # ELEMENTS: reduced from j4
-  TEST_RUNNER_PORT_MIN: "14000"  # Must be larger than 12321, which is used for the http cache. See https://cirrus-ci.org/guide/writing-tasks/#http-cache
-  CCACHE_SIZE: "200M"
-  CCACHE_DIR: "/tmp/ccache_dir"
-  CCACHE_NOHASHDIR: "1"  # Debug info might contain a stale path if the build dir changes, but this is fine
-
-cirrus_ephemeral_worker_template_env: &CIRRUS_EPHEMERAL_WORKER_TEMPLATE_ENV
-  DANGER_RUN_CI_ON_HOST: "1"  # Containers will be discarded after the run, so there is no risk that the ci scripts modify the system
-
-persistent_worker_template_env: &PERSISTENT_WORKER_TEMPLATE_ENV
-  RESTART_CI_DOCKER_BEFORE_RUN: "1"
-
-persistent_worker_template: &PERSISTENT_WORKER_TEMPLATE
-  persistent_worker: {}  # https://cirrus-ci.org/guide/persistent-workers/
-
-# https://cirrus-ci.org/guide/tips-and-tricks/#sharing-configuration-between-tasks
-filter_template: &FILTER_TEMPLATE
-  skip: $CIRRUS_REPO_FULL_NAME == "bitcoin-core/gui" && $CIRRUS_PR == ""  # No need to run on the read-only mirror, unless it is a PR. https://cirrus-ci.org/guide/writing-tasks/#conditional-task-execution
-  stateful: false  # https://cirrus-ci.org/guide/writing-tasks/#stateful-tasks
-
-base_template: &BASE_TEMPLATE
-  << : *FILTER_TEMPLATE
-  merge_base_script:
-    # Unconditionally install git (used in fingerprint_script) and set the
-    # default git author name (used in verify-commits.py)
-    - bash -c "$PACKAGE_MANAGER_INSTALL git"
-    - git config --global user.email "ci@ci.ci"
-    - git config --global user.name "ci"
-    - if [ "$CIRRUS_PR" = "" ]; then exit 0; fi
-    - git fetch $CIRRUS_REPO_CLONE_URL $CIRRUS_BASE_BRANCH
-    - git merge FETCH_HEAD  # Merge base to detect silent merge conflicts
-
-main_template: &MAIN_TEMPLATE
-  timeout_in: 120m  # https://cirrus-ci.org/faq/#instance-timed-out
-  ccache_cache:
-    folder: "/tmp/ccache_dir"
-  ci_script:
-    - ./ci/test_run_all.sh
-
-global_task_template: &GLOBAL_TASK_TEMPLATE
-  << : *BASE_TEMPLATE
-  container:
-    # https://cirrus-ci.org/faq/#are-there-any-limits
-    # Each project has 16 CPU in total, assign 2 to each container, so that 8 tasks run in parallel
-    cpu: 2
-    greedy: true
-    memory: 8G  # Set to 8GB to avoid OOM. https://cirrus-ci.org/guide/linux/#linux-containers
-  depends_built_cache:
-    folder: "depends/built"
-    fingerprint_script: echo $CIRRUS_TASK_NAME $(git rev-list -1 HEAD ./depends)
-  << : *MAIN_TEMPLATE
-
-macos_native_task_template: &MACOS_NATIVE_TASK_TEMPLATE
-  << : *BASE_TEMPLATE
-  check_clang_script:
-    - clang --version
-  brew_install_script:
-    - brew install boost@1.85 libevent qt@5 miniupnpc libnatpmp ccache zeromq qrencode libtool automake gnu-getopt
-    - brew link --force --overwrite boost@1.85
-  << : *MAIN_TEMPLATE
-
-compute_credits_template: &CREDITS_TEMPLATE
-  # https://cirrus-ci.org/pricing/#compute-credits
-  # Only use credits for pull requests to the main repo
-  use_compute_credits: $CIRRUS_REPO_FULL_NAME == 'ElementsProject/elements' && $CIRRUS_PR != ""
-
-task:
-  name: 'lint [bionic]'
-  << : *BASE_TEMPLATE
-  container:
-    image: ubuntu:bionic  # For python 3.6, oldest supported version according to doc/dependencies.md
-    cpu: 1
-    memory: 1G
-  # For faster CI feedback, immediately schedule the linters
-  << : *CREDITS_TEMPLATE
-  lint_script:
-    - ./ci/lint_run_all.sh
-  env:
-    << : *CIRRUS_EPHEMERAL_WORKER_TEMPLATE_ENV
-
-win64_native_common: &win64_native_common
-  << : *FILTER_TEMPLATE
-  windows_container:
-    cpu: 4
-    memory: 8G
-    image: cirrusci/windowsservercore:visualstudio2019
-  timeout_in: 120m
-  env:
-    PATH: 'C:\jom;C:\Python39;C:\Python39\Scripts;C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\BuildTools\MSBuild\Current\Bin;%PATH%'
-    PYTHONUTF8: 1
-    CI_VCPKG_TAG: '2021.05.12'
-    VCPKG_DOWNLOADS: 'C:\Users\ContainerAdministrator\AppData\Local\vcpkg\downloads'
-    VCPKG_DEFAULT_BINARY_CACHE: 'C:\Users\ContainerAdministrator\AppData\Local\vcpkg\archives'
-    QT_DOWNLOAD_URL: 'https://download.qt.io/archive/qt/5.15/5.15.3/single/qt-everywhere-opensource-src-5.15.3.zip'
-    QT_LOCAL_PATH: 'C:\qt-everywhere-opensource-src-5.15.3.zip'
-    QT_SOURCE_DIR: 'C:\qt-everywhere-src-5.15.3'
-    QTBASEDIR: 'C:\Qt_static'
-    x64_NATIVE_TOOLS: '"C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\BuildTools\VC\Auxiliary\Build\vcvars64.bat"'
-    IgnoreWarnIntDirInTempDetected: 'true'
-  merge_script:
-    - git config --global user.email "ci@ci.ci"
-    - git config --global user.name "ci"
-    # Windows filesystem loses the executable bit, and all of the executable
-    # files are considered "modified" now. It will break the following `git merge`
-    # command. The next two commands make git ignore this issue.
-    - git config core.filemode false
-    - git reset --hard
-    - PowerShell -NoLogo -Command if ($env:CIRRUS_PR -ne $null) { git fetch $env:CIRRUS_REPO_CLONE_URL $env:CIRRUS_BASE_BRANCH; git merge FETCH_HEAD; }
-  msvc_qt_built_cache:
-    folder: "%QTBASEDIR%"
-    reupload_on_changes: false
-    fingerprint_script:
-      - echo %QT_DOWNLOAD_URL%
-      - msbuild -version
-    populate_script:
-      - curl -L -o C:\jom.zip https://download.qt.io/official_releases/jom/jom_1_1_2.zip
-      - mkdir C:\jom
-      - tar -xf C:\jom.zip -C C:\jom
-      - curl -L -o %QT_LOCAL_PATH% %QT_DOWNLOAD_URL%
-      - tar -xf %QT_LOCAL_PATH% -C C:\
-      - '%x64_NATIVE_TOOLS%'
-      - cd %QT_SOURCE_DIR%
-      - mkdir build
-      - cd build
-      - ..\configure -release -silent -opensource -confirm-license -opengl desktop -static -static-runtime -mp -qt-zlib -qt-pcre -qt-libpng -nomake examples -nomake tests -nomake tools -no-angle -no-dbus -no-gif -no-gtk -no-ico -no-icu -no-libjpeg -no-libudev -no-sql-sqlite -no-sql-odbc -no-sqlite -no-vulkan -skip qt3d -skip qtactiveqt -skip qtandroidextras -skip qtcharts -skip qtconnectivity -skip qtdatavis3d -skip qtdeclarative -skip doc -skip qtdoc -skip qtgamepad -skip qtgraphicaleffects -skip qtimageformats -skip qtlocation -skip qtlottie -skip qtmacextras -skip qtmultimedia -skip qtnetworkauth -skip qtpurchasing -skip qtquick3d -skip qtquickcontrols -skip qtquickcontrols2 -skip qtquicktimeline -skip qtremoteobjects -skip qtscript -skip qtscxml -skip qtsensors -skip qtserialbus -skip qtserialport -skip qtspeech -skip qtsvg -skip qtvirtualkeyboard -skip qtwayland -skip qtwebchannel -skip qtwebengine -skip qtwebglplugin -skip qtwebsockets -skip qtwebview -skip qtx11extras -skip qtxmlpatterns -no-openssl -no-feature-bearermanagement -no-feature-printdialog -no-feature-printer -no-feature-printpreviewdialog -no-feature-printpreviewwidget -no-feature-sql -no-feature-sqlmodel -no-feature-textbrowser -no-feature-textmarkdownwriter -no-feature-textodfwriter -no-feature-xml -prefix %QTBASEDIR%
-      - jom
-      - jom install
-  vcpkg_tools_cache:
-    folder: '%VCPKG_DOWNLOADS%\tools'
-    reupload_on_changes: false
-    fingerprint_script:
-      - echo %CI_VCPKG_TAG%
-      - msbuild -version
-  vcpkg_binary_cache:
-    folder: '%VCPKG_DEFAULT_BINARY_CACHE%'
-    reupload_on_changes: true
-    fingerprint_script:
-      - echo %CI_VCPKG_TAG%
-      - msbuild -version
-    populate_script:
-      - mkdir %VCPKG_DEFAULT_BINARY_CACHE%
-  install_python_script:
-    - choco install --yes --no-progress python3 --version=3.9.6
-    - pip install zmq
-    - python -VV
-  install_vcpkg_script:
-    - cd ..
-    - git clone --quiet https://github.com/microsoft/vcpkg.git
-    - cd vcpkg
-    - git -c advice.detachedHead=false checkout %CI_VCPKG_TAG%
-    - .\bootstrap-vcpkg -disableMetrics
-    - echo set(VCPKG_BUILD_TYPE release) >> triplets\x64-windows-static.cmake
-    - .\vcpkg integrate install
-    - .\vcpkg version
-  build_script:
-    - cd %CIRRUS_WORKING_DIR%
-    - python build_msvc\msvc-autogen.py
-    - msbuild build_msvc\bitcoin.sln -property:Configuration=Release -maxCpuCount -verbosity:minimal -noLogo
-
-task:
-  name: "Win64 native [msvc] (Short running functional tests)"
-  <<: *win64_native_common
-  functional_tests_script:
-    # Increase the dynamic port range to the maximum allowed value to mitigate "OSError: [WinError 10048] Only one usage of each socket address (protocol/network address/port) is normally permitted".
-    # See: https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/biztalk/technical-guides/settings-that-can-be-modified-to-improve-network-performance
-    - netsh int ipv4 set dynamicport tcp start=1025 num=64511
-    - netsh int ipv6 set dynamicport tcp start=1025 num=64511
-    # Heavier tests are moved to a secondary task
-    # Exclude feature_dbcrash and feature_fee_estimation, failing https://github.com/ElementsProject/elements/pull/1298
-    - python test\functional\test_runner.py --nocleanup --ci --quiet --combinedlogslen=4000 --jobs=4 --timeout-factor=8 --extended --exclude wallet_avoidreuse,feature_trim_headers,feature_dbcrash,feature_fee_estimation
-
-task:
-  name: "Win64 native [msvc] (Long running functional tests + unit tests)"
-  <<: *win64_native_common
-  unit_tests_script:
-    - src\test_elements.exe -l test_suite
-    - src\bench_elements.exe > NUL
-    - python test\util\test_runner.py
-    - python test\util\rpcauth-test.py
-  functional_tests_script:
-    # Increase the dynamic port range to the maximum allowed value to mitigate "OSError: [WinError 10048] Only one usage of each socket address (protocol/network address/port) is normally permitted".
-    # See: https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/biztalk/technical-guides/settings-that-can-be-modified-to-improve-network-performance
-    - netsh int ipv4 set dynamicport tcp start=1025 num=64511
-    - netsh int ipv6 set dynamicport tcp start=1025 num=64511
-    # Execute tests excluded from the main task
-    # Ignore failures for now until https://github.com/ElementsProject/elements/pull/1298 is merged
-    - python test\functional\test_runner.py --nocleanup --ci --quiet --combinedlogslen=4000 --jobs=4 --timeout-factor=8 wallet_avoidreuse feature_trim_headers feature_dbcrash feature_fee_estimation || true
-
-task:
-  name: 'ARM [unit tests, no functional tests] [bullseye]'
-  << : *GLOBAL_TASK_TEMPLATE
-  container:
-    image: debian:bullseye
-    docker_arguments:
-      CI_IMAGE_NAME_TAG: debian:bullseye
-  << : *CREDITS_TEMPLATE
-  env:
-    << : *CIRRUS_EPHEMERAL_WORKER_TEMPLATE_ENV
-    FILE_ENV: "./ci/test/00_setup_env_arm.sh"
-
-task:
-  name: 'Win64 [unit tests, no gui tests, no boost::process, no functional tests] [jammy]'
-  << : *GLOBAL_TASK_TEMPLATE
-  container:
-    image: ubuntu:jammy
-  env:
-    << : *CIRRUS_EPHEMERAL_WORKER_TEMPLATE_ENV
-    FILE_ENV: "./ci/test/00_setup_env_win64.sh"
-
-task:
-  name: '32-bit + dash [gui] [Rocky 8]'
-  << : *GLOBAL_TASK_TEMPLATE
-  container:
-    image: quay.io/rockylinux/rockylinux:8
-  env:
-    << : *CIRRUS_EPHEMERAL_WORKER_TEMPLATE_ENV
-    PACKAGE_MANAGER_INSTALL: "yum install -y"
-    FILE_ENV: "./ci/test/00_setup_env_i686_centos.sh"
-
-task:
-  name: '[previous releases, uses qt5 dev package and some depends packages, DEBUG] [unsigned char] [bionic]'
-  previous_releases_cache:
-    folder: "releases"
-  << : *GLOBAL_TASK_TEMPLATE
-  << : *PERSISTENT_WORKER_TEMPLATE
-  env:
-    << : *PERSISTENT_WORKER_TEMPLATE_ENV
-    FILE_ENV: "./ci/test/00_setup_env_native_qt5.sh"
-
-task:
-  name: '[TSan, depends, gui] [2404]'
-  << : *GLOBAL_TASK_TEMPLATE
-  container:
-    image: ubuntu:24.04
-    cpu: 6  # Increase CPU and Memory to avoid timeout
-    memory: 24G
-  env:
-    << : *CIRRUS_EPHEMERAL_WORKER_TEMPLATE_ENV
-    FILE_ENV: "./ci/test/00_setup_env_native_tsan.sh"
-    MAKEJOBS: "-j2"  # Avoid excessive memory use due to MSan
-
-task:
-  name: '[MSan, depends] [focal]'
-  << : *GLOBAL_TASK_TEMPLATE
-  container:
-    image: ubuntu:focal
-  env:
-    << : *CIRRUS_EPHEMERAL_WORKER_TEMPLATE_ENV
-    FILE_ENV: "./ci/test/00_setup_env_native_msan.sh"
-
-task:
-  name: '[ASan + LSan + UBSan + integer, no depends] [jammy]'
-  << : *GLOBAL_TASK_TEMPLATE
-  container:
-    image: ubuntu:jammy
-    memory: 16G # ELEMENTS: need more memory
-    cpu: 4  # ELEMENTS: cirrus wants more CPUs if you want more memory
-  env:
-    << : *CIRRUS_EPHEMERAL_WORKER_TEMPLATE_ENV
-    FILE_ENV: "./ci/test/00_setup_env_native_asan.sh"
-
-task:
-  name: '[fuzzer,address,undefined,integer, no depends] [jammy]'
-  << : *GLOBAL_TASK_TEMPLATE
-  container:
-    image: ubuntu:jammy
-    cpu: 8  # Increase CPU and memory to avoid timeout
-    memory: 16G
-  env:
-    << : *CIRRUS_EPHEMERAL_WORKER_TEMPLATE_ENV
-    FILE_ENV: "./ci/test/00_setup_env_native_fuzz.sh"
-
-task:
-  name: '[multiprocess, i686, DEBUG] [focal]'
-  # Disable for Elements for now; Multiprocess build is not supported or tested and fails CI.
-  only_if: false
-  << : *GLOBAL_TASK_TEMPLATE
-  container:
-    image: ubuntu:focal
-    cpu: 4
-    memory: 16G  # The default memory is sometimes just a bit too small, so double everything
-  env:
-    << : *CIRRUS_EPHEMERAL_WORKER_TEMPLATE_ENV
-    FILE_ENV: "./ci/test/00_setup_env_i686_multiprocess.sh"
-
-task:
-  name: '[no wallet] [bionic]'
-  << : *GLOBAL_TASK_TEMPLATE
-  container:
-    image: ubuntu:bionic
-  env:
-    << : *CIRRUS_EPHEMERAL_WORKER_TEMPLATE_ENV
-    FILE_ENV: "./ci/test/00_setup_env_native_nowallet.sh"
-
-task:
-  name: 'macOS 10.15 [gui, no tests] [focal]'
-  << : *BASE_TEMPLATE
-  macos_sdk_cache:
-    folder: "depends/SDKs/$MACOS_SDK"
-    fingerprint_key: "$MACOS_SDK"
-  << : *MAIN_TEMPLATE
-  container:
-    image: ubuntu:focal
-  env:
-    MACOS_SDK: "Xcode-12.2-12B45b-extracted-SDK-with-libcxx-headers"
-    << : *CIRRUS_EPHEMERAL_WORKER_TEMPLATE_ENV
-    FILE_ENV: "./ci/test/00_setup_env_mac.sh"
-
-task:
-  name: 'macOS 13 native arm64 [gui, sqlite only] [no depends]'
-  macos_instance:
-    # Use latest image, but hardcode version to avoid silent upgrades (and breaks)
-    image: ghcr.io/cirruslabs/macos-runner:sequoia  # https://cirrus-ci.org/guide/macOS
-  << : *MACOS_NATIVE_TASK_TEMPLATE
-  env:
-    << : *CIRRUS_EPHEMERAL_WORKER_TEMPLATE_ENV
-    CI_USE_APT_INSTALL: "no"
-    PACKAGE_MANAGER_INSTALL: "echo"  # Nothing to do
-    FILE_ENV: "./ci/test/00_setup_env_mac_native_arm64.sh"
-
-task:
-  name: 'ARM64 Android APK [focal]'
-  # Disable for Elements; Android build is broken and unsupported.
-  only_if: false
-  android_sdk_cache:
-    folder: "depends/SDKs/android"
-    fingerprint_key: "ANDROID_API_LEVEL=28 ANDROID_BUILD_TOOLS_VERSION=28.0.3 ANDROID_NDK_VERSION=23.1.7779620"
-  depends_sources_cache:
-    folder: "depends/sources"
-    fingerprint_script: git rev-list -1 HEAD ./depends
-  << : *MAIN_TEMPLATE
-  container:
-    image: ubuntu:focal
-  env:
-    << : *CIRRUS_EPHEMERAL_WORKER_TEMPLATE_ENV
-    FILE_ENV: "./ci/test/00_setup_env_android.sh"
diff --git a/.github/actions/clear-files/action.yml b/.github/actions/clear-files/action.yml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..0008f825ff0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/actions/clear-files/action.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+name: 'Clear unnecessary files'
+description: 'Clear out unnecessary files to make space on the VM'
+runs:
+  using: 'composite'
+  steps:
+    - name: Clear unnecessary files
+      shell: bash
+      env:
+        DEBIAN_FRONTEND: noninteractive
+      run: |
+        set +o errexit
+        sudo bash -c '(ionice -c 3 nice -n 19 rm -rf /usr/share/dotnet/ /usr/local/graalvm/ /usr/local/.ghcup/ /usr/local/share/powershell /usr/local/share/chromium /usr/local/lib/android /usr/local/lib/node_modules)&'
diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci.yml b/.github/workflows/ci.yml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..8ced796b8e5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,719 @@
+# GitHub Actions CI workflow for ElementsProject/elements
+
+name: CI
+on:
+  # See: https://docs.github.com/en/actions/writing-workflows/choosing-when-your-workflow-runs/events-that-trigger-workflows#pull_request.
+  pull_request:
+  # See: https://docs.github.com/en/actions/writing-workflows/choosing-when-your-workflow-runs/events-that-trigger-workflows#push.
+  push:
+    branches:
+      - '**'
+    tags-ignore:
+      - '**'
+
+# Cancel in-progress runs for the same branch/PR
+concurrency:
+  group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.ref }}
+  cancel-in-progress: true
+
+env:
+  SECP256K1_TEST_ITERS: 16           # ELEMENTS: avoid test timeouts on arm
+  PACKAGE_MANAGER_INSTALL: "sudo apt-get update && apt-get install -y"
+  MAKEJOBS: "-j3"                    # ELEMENTS: reduced from -j4
+  TEST_RUNNER_PORT_MIN: "14000"      # Must be > 12321 (used for http cache)
+  CCACHE_SIZE: "200M"
+  CCACHE_DIR: "/tmp/ccache_dir"
+  CCACHE_NOHASHDIR: "1"
+  # On forks this variable is not matched so jobs fall back to free GH runners.
+  REPO_USE_CIRRUS_RUNNERS: "ElementsProject/elements"
+
+jobs:
+
+  # -------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  # Lint
+  # Image: ubuntu:focal (Python 3.6, oldest supported per doc/dependencies.md)
+  # -------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  lint:
+    name: 'lint [focal]'
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    timeout-minutes: 120
+    env:
+      FILE_ENV: "./ci/test/00_setup_env_lint.sh"
+      DANGER_RUN_CI_ON_HOST: ""
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - name: Run CI
+        run: ./ci/test_run_all.sh
+
+  # -------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  # ARM unit tests (no functional tests)
+  # Image: debian:bullseye
+  # -------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  arm-unit-tests:
+    name: 'ARM [unit tests, no functional tests] [bullseye]'
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    timeout-minutes: 120
+    env:
+      FILE_ENV: "./ci/test/00_setup_env_arm.sh"
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - name: Restore ccache
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
+        with:
+          path: ${{ env.CCACHE_DIR }}
+          key: ccache-arm-unit-tests-${{ github.sha }}
+          restore-keys: ccache-arm-unit-tests-
+
+      - name: Restore depends/built cache
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
+        with:
+          path: depends/built
+          key: depends-built-arm-unit-tests-${{ hashFiles('depends/**') }}-${{ hashFiles('ci/test/00_setup_env_arm.sh') }}
+          restore-keys: depends-built-arm-unit-tests-${{ hashFiles('depends/**') }}-
+
+      - name: Run CI
+        run: ./ci/test_run_all.sh
+
+      - name: Save ccache (push only)
+        if: github.event_name == 'push'
+        uses: actions/cache/save@v4
+        with:
+          path: ${{ env.CCACHE_DIR }}
+          key: ccache-arm-unit-tests-${{ github.sha }}
+
+      - name: Save depends/built cache (push only)
+        if: github.event_name == 'push'
+        uses: actions/cache/save@v4
+        with:
+          path: depends/built
+          key: depends-built-arm-unit-tests-${{ hashFiles('depends/**') }}-${{ hashFiles('ci/test/00_setup_env_arm.sh') }}
+
+  # -------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  # Win64 cross-compile (unit tests, no gui tests, no boost::process,
+  # no functional tests)
+  # Image: ubuntu:jammy
+  # -------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  win64-cross:
+    name: 'Win64 [unit tests, no gui tests, no boost::process, no functional tests] [jammy]'
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    timeout-minutes: 120
+    env:
+      FILE_ENV: "./ci/test/00_setup_env_win64.sh"
+      RUN_UNIT_TESTS: "false"     # Wine-based unit tests unreliable on GHA
+      RUN_FUNCTIONAL_TESTS: "false"
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - name: Restore ccache
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
+        with:
+          path: ${{ env.CCACHE_DIR }}
+          key: ccache-win64-cross-${{ github.sha }}
+          restore-keys: ccache-win64-cross-
+
+      - name: Restore depends/built cache
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
+        with:
+          path: depends/built
+          key: depends-built-win64-cross-${{ hashFiles('depends/**', 'ci/test/00_setup_env_win64.sh') }}
+          restore-keys: depends-built-win64-cross-
+
+      - name: Run CI
+        run: ./ci/test_run_all.sh
+
+      - name: Save ccache (push only)
+        if: github.event_name == 'push'
+        uses: actions/cache/save@v4
+        with:
+          path: ${{ env.CCACHE_DIR }}
+          key: ccache-win64-cross-${{ github.sha }}
+
+      - name: Save depends/built cache (push only)
+        if: github.event_name == 'push'
+        uses: actions/cache/save@v4
+        with:
+          path: depends/built
+          key: depends-built-win64-cross-${{ hashFiles('depends/**', 'ci/test/00_setup_env_win64.sh') }}
+
+  # -------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  # 32-bit + dash (GUI)
+  # Image: rockylinux:8
+  # -------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  i686-centos:
+    name: '32-bit + dash [gui] [Rocky 8]'
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    timeout-minutes: 180
+    env:
+      PACKAGE_MANAGER_INSTALL: "yum install -y"
+      FILE_ENV: "./ci/test/00_setup_env_i686_centos.sh"
+      TEST_RUNNER_EXTRA: "--exclude feature_proxy.py,rpc_bind.py"
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - name: Restore ccache
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
+        with:
+          path: ${{ env.CCACHE_DIR }}
+          key: ccache-i686-centos-${{ github.sha }}
+          restore-keys: ccache-i686-centos-
+
+      - name: Restore depends/built cache
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
+        with:
+          path: depends/built
+          key: depends-built-i686-centos-${{ hashFiles('depends/**', 'ci/test/00_setup_env_i686_centos.sh') }}
+          restore-keys: depends-built-i686-centos-
+
+      - name: Run CI
+        run: ./ci/test_run_all.sh
+
+      - name: Save ccache (push only)
+        if: github.event_name == 'push'
+        uses: actions/cache/save@v4
+        with:
+          path: ${{ env.CCACHE_DIR }}
+          key: ccache-i686-centos-${{ github.sha }}
+
+      - name: Save depends/built cache (push only)
+        if: github.event_name == 'push'
+        uses: actions/cache/save@v4
+        with:
+          path: depends/built
+          key: depends-built-i686-centos-${{ hashFiles('depends/**', 'ci/test/00_setup_env_i686_centos.sh') }}
+
+  # -------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  # TSan + depends + gui
+  # Image: ubuntu:24.04 (needs extra CPU/memory - 6 CPU, 24 GB in Cirrus)
+  # -------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  tsan:
+    name: '[TSan, depends, gui] [2404]'
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    timeout-minutes: 120
+    env:
+      FILE_ENV: "./ci/test/00_setup_env_native_tsan.sh"
+      MAKEJOBS: "-j2"    # Avoid excessive memory use
+      TEST_RUNNER_EXTRA: "--exclude feature_proxy.py,rpc_bind.py"
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - name: Restore ccache
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
+        with:
+          path: ${{ env.CCACHE_DIR }}
+          key: ccache-tsan-${{ github.sha }}
+          restore-keys: ccache-tsan-
+
+      - name: Restore depends/built cache
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
+        with:
+          path: depends/built
+          key: depends-built-tsan-${{ hashFiles('depends/**', 'ci/test/00_setup_env_native_tsan.sh') }}
+          restore-keys: depends-built-tsan-
+
+      - name: Run CI
+        run: ./ci/test_run_all.sh
+
+      - name: Save ccache (push only)
+        if: github.event_name == 'push'
+        uses: actions/cache/save@v4
+        with:
+          path: ${{ env.CCACHE_DIR }}
+          key: ccache-tsan-${{ github.sha }}
+
+      - name: Save depends/built cache (push only)
+        if: github.event_name == 'push'
+        uses: actions/cache/save@v4
+        with:
+          path: depends/built
+          key: depends-built-tsan-${{ hashFiles('depends/**', 'ci/test/00_setup_env_native_tsan.sh') }}
+
+  # -------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  # MSan + depends
+  # Image: ubuntu:focal
+  # -------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  msan:
+    name: '[MSan, depends] [focal]'
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    timeout-minutes: 300
+    env:
+      FILE_ENV: "./ci/test/00_setup_env_native_msan.sh"
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - name: Restore ccache
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
+        with:
+          path: ${{ env.CCACHE_DIR }}
+          key: ccache-msan-${{ github.sha }}
+          restore-keys: ccache-msan-
+
+      - name: Restore depends/built cache
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
+        with:
+          path: depends/built
+          key: depends-built-msan-${{ hashFiles('depends/**', 'ci/test/00_setup_env_native_msan.sh') }}
+          restore-keys: depends-built-msan-
+
+      - name: Run CI
+        run: ./ci/test_run_all.sh
+
+      - name: Save ccache (push only)
+        if: github.event_name == 'push'
+        uses: actions/cache/save@v4
+        with:
+          path: ${{ env.CCACHE_DIR }}
+          key: ccache-msan-${{ github.sha }}
+
+      - name: Save depends/built cache (push only)
+        if: github.event_name == 'push'
+        uses: actions/cache/save@v4
+        with:
+          path: depends/built
+          key: depends-built-msan-${{ hashFiles('depends/**', 'ci/test/00_setup_env_native_msan.sh') }}
+
+  # -------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  # ASan + LSan + UBSan + integer (no depends)
+  # Image: ubuntu:jammy (needs 16 GB RAM - ELEMENTS-specific increase)
+  # -------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  asan-lsan-ubsan-integer:
+    name: '[ASan + LSan + UBSan + integer, no depends] [jammy]'
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    timeout-minutes: 120
+    env:
+      FILE_ENV: "./ci/test/00_setup_env_native_asan.sh"
+      TEST_RUNNER_EXTRA: "--exclude feature_proxy.py,rpc_bind.py"
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - name: Restore ccache
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
+        with:
+          path: ${{ env.CCACHE_DIR }}
+          key: ccache-asan-${{ github.sha }}
+          restore-keys: ccache-asan-
+
+      - name: Restore depends/built cache
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
+        with:
+          path: depends/built
+          key: depends-built-asan-${{ hashFiles('depends/**', 'ci/test/00_setup_env_native_asan.sh') }}
+          restore-keys: depends-built-asan-
+
+      - name: Run CI
+        run: ./ci/test_run_all.sh
+
+      - name: Save ccache (push only)
+        if: github.event_name == 'push'
+        uses: actions/cache/save@v4
+        with:
+          path: ${{ env.CCACHE_DIR }}
+          key: ccache-asan-${{ github.sha }}
+
+      - name: Save depends/built cache (push only)
+        if: github.event_name == 'push'
+        uses: actions/cache/save@v4
+        with:
+          path: depends/built
+          key: depends-built-asan-${{ hashFiles('depends/**', 'ci/test/00_setup_env_native_asan.sh') }}
+
+  # -------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  # Fuzzer (address, undefined, integer; no depends)
+  # Image: ubuntu:jammy (8 CPU, 16 GB in Cirrus)
+  # -------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  fuzzer:
+    name: '[fuzzer,address,undefined,integer, no depends] [jammy]'
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    timeout-minutes: 120
+    env:
+      FILE_ENV: "./ci/test/00_setup_env_native_fuzz.sh"
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - name: Restore ccache
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
+        with:
+          path: ${{ env.CCACHE_DIR }}
+          key: ccache-fuzzer-${{ github.sha }}
+          restore-keys: ccache-fuzzer-
+
+      - name: Restore depends/built cache
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
+        with:
+          path: depends/built
+          key: depends-built-fuzzer-${{ hashFiles('depends/**', 'ci/test/00_setup_env_native_fuzz.sh') }}
+          restore-keys: depends-built-fuzzer-
+
+      - name: Run CI
+        run: ./ci/test_run_all.sh
+
+      - name: Save ccache (push only)
+        if: github.event_name == 'push'
+        uses: actions/cache/save@v4
+        with:
+          path: ${{ env.CCACHE_DIR }}
+          key: ccache-fuzzer-${{ github.sha }}
+
+      - name: Save depends/built cache (push only)
+        if: github.event_name == 'push'
+        uses: actions/cache/save@v4
+        with:
+          path: depends/built
+          key: depends-built-fuzzer-${{ hashFiles('depends/**', 'ci/test/00_setup_env_native_fuzz.sh') }}
+
+  # -------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  # No wallet
+  # Image: ubuntu:bionic
+  # -------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  no-wallet:
+    name: '[no wallet] [bionic]'
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    timeout-minutes: 120
+    env:
+      FILE_ENV: "./ci/test/00_setup_env_native_nowallet.sh"
+      TEST_RUNNER_EXTRA: "--exclude feature_proxy.py,rpc_bind.py"
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - name: Restore ccache
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
+        with:
+          path: ${{ env.CCACHE_DIR }}
+          key: ccache-no-wallet-${{ github.sha }}
+          restore-keys: ccache-no-wallet-
+
+      - name: Restore depends/built cache
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
+        with:
+          path: depends/built
+          key: depends-built-no-wallet-${{ hashFiles('depends/**') }}-${{ hashFiles('ci/test/00_setup_env_native_nowallet.sh') }}
+          restore-keys: depends-built-no-wallet-${{ hashFiles('depends/**') }}-
+
+      - name: Run CI
+        run: ./ci/test_run_all.sh
+
+      - name: Save ccache (push only)
+        if: github.event_name == 'push'
+        uses: actions/cache/save@v4
+        with:
+          path: ${{ env.CCACHE_DIR }}
+          key: ccache-no-wallet-${{ github.sha }}
+
+      - name: Save depends/built cache (push only)
+        if: github.event_name == 'push'
+        uses: actions/cache/save@v4
+        with:
+          path: depends/built
+          key: depends-built-no-wallet-${{ hashFiles('depends/**') }}-${{ hashFiles('ci/test/00_setup_env_native_nowallet.sh') }}
+
+  # -------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  # macOS 10.15 cross-compile (gui, no tests)
+  # Image: ubuntu:focal (cross-compiles targeting macOS)
+  # -------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  macos-cross:
+    name: 'macOS 10.15 [gui, no tests] [focal]'
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    timeout-minutes: 120
+    env:
+      MACOS_SDK: "Xcode-12.2-12B45b-extracted-SDK-with-libcxx-headers"
+      FILE_ENV: "./ci/test/00_setup_env_mac.sh"
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - name: Restore macOS SDK cache
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
+        with:
+          path: depends/SDKs/${{ env.MACOS_SDK }}
+          key: macos-sdk-${{ env.MACOS_SDK }}
+
+      - name: Restore ccache
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
+        with:
+          path: ${{ env.CCACHE_DIR }}
+          key: ccache-macos-cross-${{ github.sha }}
+          restore-keys: ccache-macos-cross-
+
+      - name: Restore depends/built cache
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
+        with:
+          path: depends/built
+          key: depends-built-macos-cross-${{ hashFiles('depends/packages/**', 'depends/Makefile') }}-${{ hashFiles('ci/test/00_setup_env_mac.sh') }}
+          restore-keys: depends-built-macos-cross-
+
+      - name: Run CI
+        run: ./ci/test_run_all.sh
+
+      - name: Save macOS SDK cache (push only)
+        if: github.event_name == 'push'
+        uses: actions/cache/save@v4
+        with:
+          path: depends/SDKs/${{ env.MACOS_SDK }}
+          key: macos-sdk-${{ env.MACOS_SDK }}
+
+      - name: Save ccache (push only)
+        if: github.event_name == 'push'
+        uses: actions/cache/save@v4
+        with:
+          path: ${{ env.CCACHE_DIR }}
+          key: ccache-macos-cross-${{ github.sha }}
+
+      - name: Save depends/built cache (push only)
+        if: github.event_name == 'push'
+        uses: actions/cache/save@v4
+        with:
+          path: depends/built
+          key: depends-built-macos-cross-${{ hashFiles('depends/packages/**', 'depends/Makefile') }}-${{ hashFiles('ci/test/00_setup_env_mac.sh') }}
+
+  # -------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  # macOS 13 native arm64 (gui, sqlite only, no depends)
+  # Runner: macos-14 (Apple Silicon, equivalent to Cirrus macos-runner:sequoia)
+  # -------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  macos-native-arm64:
+    name: 'macOS 13 native arm64 [gui, sqlite only] [no depends]'
+    runs-on: macos-14
+    timeout-minutes: 120
+    env:
+      FILE_ENV: "./ci/test/00_setup_env_mac_native_arm64.sh"
+      CI_USE_APT_INSTALL: "no"
+      PACKAGE_MANAGER_INSTALL: "echo"   # Nothing to install via apt
+      DANGER_RUN_CI_ON_HOST: "1"
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - name: Check clang version
+        run: clang --version
+
+      - name: Install brew dependencies
+        run: |
+          brew install boost@1.85 libevent qt@5 miniupnpc libnatpmp ccache \
+            zeromq qrencode libtool automake gnu-getopt
+          brew link --force --overwrite boost@1.85
+
+      - name: Restore ccache
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
+        with:
+          path: ${{ env.CCACHE_DIR }}
+          key: ccache-macos-native-arm64-${{ github.sha }}
+          restore-keys: ccache-macos-native-arm64-
+
+      - name: Run CI
+        run: ./ci/test_run_all.sh
+
+      - name: Save ccache (push only)
+        if: github.event_name == 'push'
+        uses: actions/cache/save@v4
+        with:
+          path: ${{ env.CCACHE_DIR }}
+          key: ccache-macos-native-arm64-${{ github.sha }}
+
+# -------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  # Win64 native MSVC - functional tests + unit tests
+  # Runner: windows-2022
+  # -------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  win64-msvc:
+    name: 'Win64 native [msvc] (functional tests + unit tests)'
+    runs-on: windows-2022
+    timeout-minutes: 360
+    env:
+      PYTHONUTF8: 1
+      CI_VCPKG_TAG: '2021.05.12'
+      VCPKG_ROOT: 'D:\a\elements\vcpkg'
+      VCPKG_DEFAULT_BINARY_CACHE: 'C:\Users\runneradmin\AppData\Local\vcpkg\archives'
+      QT_DOWNLOAD_URL: 'https://download.qt.io/archive/qt/5.15/5.15.3/single/qt-everywhere-opensource-src-5.15.3.zip'
+      QT_LOCAL_PATH: 'C:\qt-everywhere-opensource-src-5.15.3.zip'
+      QT_SOURCE_DIR: 'C:\qt-everywhere-src-5.15.3'
+      QTBASEDIR: 'C:\Qt_static'
+      IgnoreWarnIntDirInTempDetected: 'true'
+      DANGER_RUN_CI_ON_HOST: "1"
+    defaults:
+      run:
+        shell: cmd
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@v5
+
+      - name: Restore Qt static cache
+        id: qt-cache
+        uses: actions/cache@v5
+        with:
+          path: ${{ env.QTBASEDIR }}
+          key: qt-static-${{ env.QT_DOWNLOAD_URL }}-${{ runner.os }}
+
+      - name: Install jom
+        if: steps.qt-cache.outputs.cache-hit != 'true'
+        run: |
+          curl -L -o C:\jom.zip https://download.qt.io/official_releases/jom/jom_1_1_2.zip
+          mkdir C:\jom
+          tar -xf C:\jom.zip -C C:\jom
+
+      - name: Build Qt static
+        if: steps.qt-cache.outputs.cache-hit != 'true'
+        shell: pwsh
+        run: |
+          curl -L -o $env:QT_LOCAL_PATH $env:QT_DOWNLOAD_URL
+          Write-Host "Extracting Qt source..."
+          tar -xf $env:QT_LOCAL_PATH -C C:\
+          $vsPath = & "${env:ProgramFiles(x86)}\Microsoft Visual Studio\Installer\vswhere.exe" `
+            -latest -property installationPath
+          Write-Host "Using VS at: $vsPath"
+          cmd /c "`"$vsPath\VC\Auxiliary\Build\vcvars64.bat`" -vcvars_ver=14.29 && cd /d $env:QT_SOURCE_DIR && mkdir build && cd build && ..\configure -release -silent -opensource -confirm-license -opengl desktop -static -static-runtime -mp -qt-zlib -qt-pcre -qt-libpng -nomake examples -nomake tests -nomake tools -no-angle -no-dbus -no-gif -no-gtk -no-ico -no-icu -no-libjpeg -no-libudev -no-sql-sqlite -no-sql-odbc -no-sqlite -no-vulkan -skip qt3d -skip qtactiveqt -skip qtandroidextras -skip qtcharts -skip qtconnectivity -skip qtdatavis3d -skip qtdeclarative -skip doc -skip qtdoc -skip qtgamepad -skip qtgraphicaleffects -skip qtimageformats -skip qtlocation -skip qtlottie -skip qtmacextras -skip qtmultimedia -skip qtnetworkauth -skip qtpurchasing -skip qtquick3d -skip qtquickcontrols -skip qtquickcontrols2 -skip qtquicktimeline -skip qtremoteobjects -skip qtscript -skip qtscxml -skip qtsensors -skip qtserialbus -skip qtserialport -skip qtspeech -skip qtsvg -skip qtvirtualkeyboard -skip qtwayland -skip qtwebchannel -skip qtwebengine -skip qtwebglplugin -skip qtwebsockets -skip qtwebview -skip qtx11extras -skip qtxmlpatterns -no-openssl -no-feature-bearermanagement -no-feature-printdialog -no-feature-printer -no-feature-printpreviewdialog -no-feature-printpreviewwidget -no-feature-sql -no-feature-sqlmodel -no-feature-textbrowser -no-feature-textmarkdownwriter -no-feature-textodfwriter -no-feature-xml -prefix $env:QTBASEDIR && C:\jom\jom.exe && C:\jom\jom.exe install"
+
+      - name: Restore vcpkg tools cache
+        uses: actions/cache@v5
+        with:
+          path: ${{ env.VCPKG_ROOT }}\downloads\tools
+          key: vcpkg-tools-${{ env.CI_VCPKG_TAG }}-${{ runner.os }}
+
+      - name: Restore vcpkg binary cache
+        uses: actions/cache@v5
+        with:
+          path: ${{ env.VCPKG_DEFAULT_BINARY_CACHE }}
+          key: vcpkg-binary-${{ env.CI_VCPKG_TAG }}-${{ runner.os }}-${{ github.sha }}
+          restore-keys: vcpkg-binary-${{ env.CI_VCPKG_TAG }}-${{ runner.os }}-
+
+      - name: Install Python and pip packages
+        run: |
+          choco install --yes --no-progress python3 --version=3.9.6
+          pip install zmq
+          python -VV
+
+      - name: Install vcpkg
+        shell: pwsh
+        run: |
+          if (Test-Path $env:VCPKG_ROOT) {
+            if (-not (Test-Path "$env:VCPKG_ROOT\.git")) {
+              Write-Host "Removing incomplete vcpkg directory..."
+              Remove-Item -Recurse -Force $env:VCPKG_ROOT
+            }
+          }
+          if (-not (Test-Path "$env:VCPKG_ROOT\.git")) {
+            git clone --quiet https://github.com/microsoft/vcpkg.git $env:VCPKG_ROOT
+          }
+          Set-Location $env:VCPKG_ROOT
+          git -c advice.detachedHead=false checkout $env:CI_VCPKG_TAG
+          .\bootstrap-vcpkg.bat -disableMetrics
+          Add-Content triplets\x64-windows-static.cmake "set(VCPKG_BUILD_TYPE release)"
+          .\vcpkg integrate install
+          .\vcpkg version
+
+      - name: Create vcpkg binary cache directory
+        shell: pwsh
+        run: New-Item -ItemType Directory -Force -Path $env:VCPKG_DEFAULT_BINARY_CACHE
+
+      - name: Build (MSVC)
+        shell: pwsh
+        run: |
+          cd $env:GITHUB_WORKSPACE
+          python build_msvc\msvc-autogen.py
+          $vsPath = & "${env:ProgramFiles(x86)}\Microsoft Visual Studio\Installer\vswhere.exe" `
+            -latest -property installationPath
+          $msbuild = "$vsPath\MSBuild\Current\Bin\MSBuild.exe"
+          & $msbuild build_msvc\bitcoin.sln /property:Configuration=Release `
+            /property:PlatformToolset=v142 `
+            /maxCpuCount /verbosity:minimal /noLogo
+
+      - name: Run unit tests
+        shell: cmd
+        run: |
+          src\test_elements.exe -l test_suite
+          src\bench_elements.exe > NUL
+          python test\util\test_runner.py
+          python test\util\rpcauth-test.py
+
+      - name: Run functional tests
+        shell: cmd
+        run: |
+          netsh int ipv4 set dynamicport tcp start=1025 num=64511
+          netsh int ipv6 set dynamicport tcp start=1025 num=64511
+          python test\functional\test_runner.py --nocleanup --ci --quiet ^
+            --combinedlogslen=4000 --jobs=4 --timeout-factor=8 --extended ^
+            --exclude wallet_avoidreuse,feature_trim_headers,feature_dbcrash,feature_fee_estimation
+
+      - name: Save vcpkg binary cache (push only)
+        if: github.event_name == 'push'
+        uses: actions/cache/save@v5
+        with:
+          path: ${{ env.VCPKG_DEFAULT_BINARY_CACHE }}
+          key: vcpkg-binary-${{ env.CI_VCPKG_TAG }}-${{ runner.os }}-${{ github.sha }}
+
+  # -------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  # DISABLED JOBS
+  # 
+  # The following job was skipped in cirrus, as is required persistent self-hosted runners and is not currently supported in GitHub Actions. It is preserved here as a comment for future re-enabling when self-hosted runner support is available.
+  #
+  #   previous-releases:
+  #  name: '[previous releases, uses qt5 dev package and some depends packages, DEBUG] [unsigned char] [bionic]'
+  #  runs-on: [self-hosted, persistent]
+  #  timeout-minutes: 120
+  #  env:
+  #    FILE_ENV: "./ci/test/00_setup_env_native_qt5.sh"
+  #    RESTART_CI_DOCKER_BEFORE_RUN: "1"
+  #  steps:
+  #    - name: Checkout
+  #      uses: actions/checkout@v4
+  #
+  #    - name: Restore previous releases cache
+  #      uses: actions/cache@v4
+  #      with:
+  #        path: releases
+  #        key: previous-releases-${{ hashFiles('ci/**') }}
+  #        restore-keys: previous-releases-
+  #
+  #    - name: Restore ccache
+  #      uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
+  #      with:
+  #        path: ${{ env.CCACHE_DIR }}
+  #        key: ccache-previous-releases-${{ github.sha }}
+  #        restore-keys: ccache-previous-releases-
+  #
+  #    - name: Restore depends/built cache
+  #      uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
+  #      with:
+  #        path: depends/built
+  #        key: depends-built-previous-releases-${{ hashFiles('depends/**', 'ci/test/00_setup_env_native_qt5.sh') }}
+  #        restore-keys: depends-built-previous-releases-
+  #
+  #    - name: Run CI
+  #      run: ./ci/test_run_all.sh
+  #
+  #    - name: Save ccache (push only)
+  #      if: github.event_name == 'push'
+  #      uses: actions/cache/save@v4
+  #      with:
+  #        path: ${{ env.CCACHE_DIR }}
+  #        key: ccache-previous-releases-${{ github.sha }}
+  #
+  #    - name: Save depends/built cache (push only)
+  #      if: github.event_name == 'push'
+  #      uses: actions/cache/save@v4
+  #      with:
+  #        path: depends/built
+  #        key: depends-built-previous-releases-${{ hashFiles('depends/**', 'ci/test/00_setup_env_native_qt5.sh') }}
+  #
+  # The following jobs were disabled in .cirrus.yml with `only_if: false`
+  # and are preserved here as comments for future re-enabling.
+  #
+  # multiprocess-i686-debug:
+  #   name: '[multiprocess, i686, DEBUG] [focal]'
+  #   # Disabled: multiprocess build is not supported or tested in Elements.
+  #   if: false
+  #   ...
+  #
+  # android-apk:
+  #   name: 'ARM64 Android APK [focal]'
+  #   # Disabled: Android build is broken and unsupported in Elements.
+  #   if: false
+  #   ...
+  # -------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/ci/test/00_setup_env_lint.sh b/ci/test/00_setup_env_lint.sh
new file mode 100755
index 00000000000..b95f3a35d31
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ci/test/00_setup_env_lint.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2019-2021 The Bitcoin Core developers
+# Distributed under the MIT software license, see the accompanying
+# file COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.
+
+export LC_ALL=C.UTF-8
+
+export HOST="x86_64-pc-linux-gnu"
+export CONTAINER_NAME=ci_lint
+export DOCKER_NAME_TAG=ubuntu:focal
+export RUN_LINT=true
+export RUN_UNIT_TESTS=false
+export RUN_FUNCTIONAL_TESTS=false
+export GOAL=""
+export BITCOIN_CONFIG=""
diff --git a/ci/test/00_setup_env_mac_native_arm64.sh b/ci/test/00_setup_env_mac_native_arm64.sh
index 1a7be56d5bd..ade2d2787c1 100755
--- a/ci/test/00_setup_env_mac_native_arm64.sh
+++ b/ci/test/00_setup_env_mac_native_arm64.sh
@@ -7,7 +7,9 @@
 export LC_ALL=C.UTF-8
 
 export HOST=arm64-apple-darwin
-export PIP_PACKAGES="zmq"
+# Homebrew's python@3.12 is marked as externally managed (PEP 668).
+# Therefore, `--break-system-packages` is needed.
+export PIP_PACKAGES="--break-system-packages zmq"
 export GOAL="install"
 # ELEMENTS: add -fno-stack-check to work around clang bug on macos
 export BITCOIN_CONFIG="--with-gui --with-miniupnpc --with-natpmp --enable-reduce-exports CXXFLAGS=-fno-stack-check"
diff --git a/ci/test/04_install.sh b/ci/test/04_install.sh
index 6244a74f7bd..5e778f10e3b 100755
--- a/ci/test/04_install.sh
+++ b/ci/test/04_install.sh
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ if [[ $QEMU_USER_CMD == qemu-s390* ]]; then
 fi
 
 if [ "$CI_OS_NAME" == "macos" ]; then
-  sudo -H pip3 install --upgrade --ignore-installed pip
+  sudo -H pip3 install --upgrade --break-system-packages --ignore-installed pip
   # shellcheck disable=SC2086
   IN_GETOPT_BIN="$(brew --prefix gnu-getopt)/bin/getopt" ${CI_RETRY_EXE} pip3 install --user $PIP_PACKAGES
 fi
diff --git a/configure.ac b/configure.ac
index ff410adddda..8e0af752247 100644
--- a/configure.ac
+++ b/configure.ac
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 AC_PREREQ([2.69])
 define(_CLIENT_VERSION_MAJOR, 23)
 define(_CLIENT_VERSION_MINOR, 3)
-define(_CLIENT_VERSION_BUILD, 3)
-define(_CLIENT_VERSION_RC, 0)
+define(_CLIENT_VERSION_BUILD, 4)
+define(_CLIENT_VERSION_RC, 1)
 define(_CLIENT_VERSION_IS_RELEASE, true)
 define(_COPYRIGHT_YEAR, 2026)
 define(_COPYRIGHT_HOLDERS,[The %s developers])
diff --git a/doc/man/elements-cli.1 b/doc/man/elements-cli.1
index dfb21700b09..111ee9e7223 100644
--- a/doc/man/elements-cli.1
+++ b/doc/man/elements-cli.1
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 .\" DO NOT MODIFY THIS FILE!  It was generated by help2man 1.49.3.
-.TH ELEMENTS-CLI "1" "April 2026" "elements-cli v23.3.3" "User Commands"
+.TH ELEMENTS-CLI "1" "June 2026" "elements-cli v23.3.4" "User Commands"
 .SH NAME
-elements-cli \- manual page for elements-cli v23.3.3
+elements-cli \- manual page for elements-cli v23.3.4
 .SH SYNOPSIS
 .B elements-cli
 [\fI\,options\/\fR] \fI\,<command> \/\fR[\fI\,params\/\fR]  \fI\,Send command to Elements Core\/\fR
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ elements-cli \- manual page for elements-cli v23.3.3
 .B elements-cli
 [\fI\,options\/\fR] \fI\,help <command>      Get help for a command\/\fR
 .SH DESCRIPTION
-Elements Core RPC client version v23.3.3
+Elements Core RPC client version v23.3.4
 .SH OPTIONS
 .HP
 \-?
diff --git a/doc/man/elements-qt.1 b/doc/man/elements-qt.1
index 4f850c9d87b..97a47e1b5c9 100644
--- a/doc/man/elements-qt.1
+++ b/doc/man/elements-qt.1
@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
 .\" DO NOT MODIFY THIS FILE!  It was generated by help2man 1.49.3.
-.TH ELEMENTS-QT "1" "April 2026" "elements-qt v23.3.3" "User Commands"
+.TH ELEMENTS-QT "1" "June 2026" "elements-qt v23.3.4" "User Commands"
 .SH NAME
-elements-qt \- manual page for elements-qt v23.3.3
+elements-qt \- manual page for elements-qt v23.3.4
 .SH SYNOPSIS
 .B elements-qt
 [\fI\,command-line options\/\fR]
 .SH DESCRIPTION
-Elements Core version v23.3.3
+Elements Core version v23.3.4
 .SH OPTIONS
 .HP
 \-?
@@ -815,8 +815,9 @@ Relay and mine data carrier transactions (default: 1)
 .HP
 \fB\-datacarriersize\fR
 .IP
-Maximum size of data in data carrier transactions we relay and mine
-(default: 83)
+Relay and mine transactions whose data\-carrying raw scriptPubKeys in
+aggregate are of this size or less, allowing multiple outputs
+(default: 100000)
 .HP
 \fB\-minrelaytxfee=\fR<amt>
 .IP
diff --git a/doc/man/elements-tx.1 b/doc/man/elements-tx.1
index 8410f50088b..04f0cbf7d5d 100644
--- a/doc/man/elements-tx.1
+++ b/doc/man/elements-tx.1
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 .\" DO NOT MODIFY THIS FILE!  It was generated by help2man 1.49.3.
-.TH ELEMENTS-TX "1" "April 2026" "elements-tx v23.3.3" "User Commands"
+.TH ELEMENTS-TX "1" "June 2026" "elements-tx v23.3.4" "User Commands"
 .SH NAME
-elements-tx \- manual page for elements-tx v23.3.3
+elements-tx \- manual page for elements-tx v23.3.4
 .SH SYNOPSIS
 .B elements-tx
 [\fI\,options\/\fR] \fI\,<hex-tx> \/\fR[\fI\,commands\/\fR]  \fI\,Update hex-encoded Elements transaction\/\fR
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ elements-tx \- manual page for elements-tx v23.3.3
 .B elements-tx
 [\fI\,options\/\fR] \fI\,-create \/\fR[\fI\,commands\/\fR]   \fI\,Create hex-encoded Elements transaction\/\fR
 .SH DESCRIPTION
-Elements Core elements\-tx utility version v23.3.3
+Elements Core elements\-tx utility version v23.3.4
 .SH OPTIONS
 .HP
 \-?
diff --git a/doc/man/elements-util.1 b/doc/man/elements-util.1
index 4b858969409..e73f293f6de 100644
--- a/doc/man/elements-util.1
+++ b/doc/man/elements-util.1
@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
 .\" DO NOT MODIFY THIS FILE!  It was generated by help2man 1.49.3.
-.TH ELEMENTS-UTIL "1" "April 2026" "elements-util v23.3.3" "User Commands"
+.TH ELEMENTS-UTIL "1" "June 2026" "elements-util v23.3.4" "User Commands"
 .SH NAME
-elements-util \- manual page for elements-util v23.3.3
+elements-util \- manual page for elements-util v23.3.4
 .SH SYNOPSIS
 .B bitcoin-util
 [\fI\,options\/\fR] [\fI\,commands\/\fR]  \fI\,Do stuff\/\fR
 .SH DESCRIPTION
-Elements Core bitcoin\-util utility version v23.3.3
+Elements Core bitcoin\-util utility version v23.3.4
 .SH OPTIONS
 .HP
 \-?
diff --git a/doc/man/elements-wallet.1 b/doc/man/elements-wallet.1
index 37443f9c21e..33a03286327 100644
--- a/doc/man/elements-wallet.1
+++ b/doc/man/elements-wallet.1
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 .\" DO NOT MODIFY THIS FILE!  It was generated by help2man 1.49.3.
-.TH ELEMENTS-WALLET "1" "April 2026" "elements-wallet v23.3.3" "User Commands"
+.TH ELEMENTS-WALLET "1" "June 2026" "elements-wallet v23.3.4" "User Commands"
 .SH NAME
-elements-wallet \- manual page for elements-wallet v23.3.3
+elements-wallet \- manual page for elements-wallet v23.3.4
 .SH DESCRIPTION
-Elements Core elements\-wallet version v23.3.3
+Elements Core elements\-wallet version v23.3.4
 .PP
 elements\-wallet is an offline tool for creating and interacting with Elements Core wallet files.
 By default elements\-wallet will act on wallets in the default mainnet wallet directory in the datadir.
diff --git a/doc/man/elementsd.1 b/doc/man/elementsd.1
index 201bf3332db..075185be0bf 100644
--- a/doc/man/elementsd.1
+++ b/doc/man/elementsd.1
@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
 .\" DO NOT MODIFY THIS FILE!  It was generated by help2man 1.49.3.
-.TH ELEMENTSD "1" "April 2026" "elementsd v23.3.3" "User Commands"
+.TH ELEMENTSD "1" "June 2026" "elementsd v23.3.4" "User Commands"
 .SH NAME
-elementsd \- manual page for elementsd v23.3.3
+elementsd \- manual page for elementsd v23.3.4
 .SH SYNOPSIS
 .B elementsd
 [\fI\,options\/\fR]                     \fI\,Start Elements Core\/\fR
 .SH DESCRIPTION
-Elements Core version v23.3.3
+Elements Core version v23.3.4
 .SH OPTIONS
 .HP
 \-?
@@ -815,8 +815,9 @@ Relay and mine data carrier transactions (default: 1)
 .HP
 \fB\-datacarriersize\fR
 .IP
-Maximum size of data in data carrier transactions we relay and mine
-(default: 83)
+Relay and mine transactions whose data\-carrying raw scriptPubKeys in
+aggregate are of this size or less, allowing multiple outputs
+(default: 100000)
 .HP
 \fB\-minrelaytxfee=\fR<amt>
 .IP
diff --git a/src/block_proof.cpp b/src/block_proof.cpp
index 272d9c0569c..0ef130b517c 100644
--- a/src/block_proof.cpp
+++ b/src/block_proof.cpp
@@ -26,10 +26,8 @@ static bool CheckProofGeneric(const CBlockHeader& block, const uint32_t max_bloc
 
     // Check signature limits for blocks
     if (scriptSig.size() > max_block_signature_size) {
-        assert(!is_dyna);
         return false;
     } else if (witness.GetSerializedSize() > max_block_signature_size) {
-        assert(is_dyna);
         return false;
     }
 
diff --git a/src/chainparams.cpp b/src/chainparams.cpp
index 0ffb5867244..c6065b0f884 100644
--- a/src/chainparams.cpp
+++ b/src/chainparams.cpp
@@ -229,7 +229,7 @@ class CMainParams : public CChainParams {
         anyonecanspend_aremine = false;
         accept_unlimited_issuances = false;
         enforce_pak = false;
-        multi_data_permitted = false;
+        multi_data_permitted = true;
         accept_discount_ct = false;
         create_discount_ct = false;
         consensus.has_parent_chain = false;
@@ -376,7 +376,7 @@ class CTestNetParams : public CChainParams {
         anyonecanspend_aremine = false;
         enforce_pak = false;
         accept_unlimited_issuances = false;
-        multi_data_permitted = false;
+        multi_data_permitted = true;
         accept_discount_ct = false;
         create_discount_ct = false;
         consensus.has_parent_chain = false;
@@ -541,7 +541,7 @@ class SigNetParams : public CChainParams {
         anyonecanspend_aremine = false;
         enforce_pak = false;
         accept_unlimited_issuances = false;
-        multi_data_permitted = false;
+        multi_data_permitted = true;
         accept_discount_ct = false;
         create_discount_ct = false;
         consensus.has_parent_chain = false;
@@ -645,7 +645,7 @@ class CRegTestParams : public CChainParams {
         anyonecanspend_aremine = false;
         enforce_pak = false;
         accept_unlimited_issuances = false;
-        multi_data_permitted = false;
+        multi_data_permitted = true;
         accept_discount_ct = false;
         create_discount_ct = false;
         consensus.has_parent_chain = false;
@@ -1061,6 +1061,7 @@ class CLiquidTestNetParams : public CCustomParams {
         default_signblockscript = "51210217e403ddb181872c32a0cd468c710040b2f53d8cac69f18dad07985ee37e9a7151ae";
         create_discount_ct = false;
         accept_discount_ct = true;
+        accept_unlimited_issuances = true;
         UpdateFromArgs(args);
         multi_data_permitted = true;
         SetGenesisBlock();
@@ -1173,7 +1174,7 @@ class CLiquidV1Params : public CChainParams {
 
         enforce_pak = true;
 
-        accept_unlimited_issuances = args.GetBoolArg("-acceptunlimitedissuances", false);
+        accept_unlimited_issuances = args.GetBoolArg("-acceptunlimitedissuances", true);
 
         multi_data_permitted = true;
         create_discount_ct = args.GetBoolArg("-creatediscountct", false);
diff --git a/src/init.cpp b/src/init.cpp
index 32473973451..38112fbeeef 100644
--- a/src/init.cpp
+++ b/src/init.cpp
@@ -567,7 +567,11 @@ void SetupServerArgs(ArgsManager& argsman)
     argsman.AddArg("-dustrelayfee=<amt>", strprintf("Fee rate (in %s/kvB) used to define dust, the value of an output such that it will cost more than its value in fees at this fee rate to spend it. (default: %s)", CURRENCY_UNIT, FormatMoney(DUST_RELAY_TX_FEE)), ArgsManager::ALLOW_ANY | ArgsManager::DEBUG_ONLY, OptionsCategory::NODE_RELAY);
     argsman.AddArg("-bytespersigop", strprintf("Equivalent bytes per sigop in transactions for relay and mining (default: %u)", DEFAULT_BYTES_PER_SIGOP), ArgsManager::ALLOW_ANY, OptionsCategory::NODE_RELAY);
     argsman.AddArg("-datacarrier", strprintf("Relay and mine data carrier transactions (default: %u)", DEFAULT_ACCEPT_DATACARRIER), ArgsManager::ALLOW_ANY, OptionsCategory::NODE_RELAY);
-    argsman.AddArg("-datacarriersize", strprintf("Maximum size of data in data carrier transactions we relay and mine (default: %u)", MAX_OP_RETURN_RELAY), ArgsManager::ALLOW_ANY, OptionsCategory::NODE_RELAY);
+    argsman.AddArg("-datacarriersize",
+                   strprintf("Relay and mine transactions whose data-carrying raw scriptPubKeys in aggregate "
+                             "are of this size or less, allowing multiple outputs (default: %u)",
+                             MAX_OP_RETURN_RELAY),
+                   ArgsManager::ALLOW_ANY, OptionsCategory::NODE_RELAY);
     argsman.AddArg("-minrelaytxfee=<amt>", strprintf("Fees (in %s/kvB) smaller than this are considered zero fee for relaying, mining and transaction creation (default: %s)",
         CURRENCY_UNIT, FormatMoney(DEFAULT_MIN_RELAY_TX_FEE)), ArgsManager::ALLOW_ANY, OptionsCategory::NODE_RELAY);
     argsman.AddArg("-whitelistforcerelay", strprintf("Add 'forcerelay' permission to whitelisted inbound peers with default permissions. This will relay transactions even if the transactions were already in the mempool. (default: %d)", DEFAULT_WHITELISTFORCERELAY), ArgsManager::ALLOW_ANY, OptionsCategory::NODE_RELAY);
diff --git a/src/pegins.cpp b/src/pegins.cpp
index 72551d2c3b5..2af4fb2a3e7 100644
--- a/src/pegins.cpp
+++ b/src/pegins.cpp
@@ -552,7 +552,7 @@ bool DecomposePeginWitness(const CScriptWitness& witness, CAmount& value, CAsset
 {
     const auto& stack = witness.stack;
 
-    if (stack.size() < 5) return false;
+    if (stack.size() != 6) return false;
 
     CDataStream stream(stack[0], SER_NETWORK, PROTOCOL_VERSION);
     stream >> value;
diff --git a/src/policy/policy.cpp b/src/policy/policy.cpp
index 2dc3296214b..254d648a15f 100644
--- a/src/policy/policy.cpp
+++ b/src/policy/policy.cpp
@@ -87,9 +87,7 @@ bool IsStandard(const CScript& scriptPubKey, TxoutType& whichType)
             scriptPubKey.IsPegoutScript(Params().ParentGenesisBlockHash()) ) {
         // If we're enforcing pak let through larger peg-out scripts
         return true;
-    } else if (whichType == TxoutType::NULL_DATA &&
-               (!fAcceptDatacarrier || scriptPubKey.size() > nMaxDatacarrierBytes)) {
-          return false;
+
     }
 
     return true;
@@ -134,6 +132,7 @@ bool IsStandardTx(const CTransaction& tx, bool permit_bare_multisig, const CFeeR
 
     CChainParams params = Params();
     unsigned int nDataOut = 0;
+    unsigned int datacarrier_bytes_left = fAcceptDatacarrier ? nMaxDatacarrierBytes : 0;
     TxoutType whichType;
     for (const CTxOut& txout : tx.vout) {
         if (!::IsStandard(txout.scriptPubKey, whichType)) {
@@ -143,6 +142,12 @@ bool IsStandardTx(const CTransaction& tx, bool permit_bare_multisig, const CFeeR
 
         if (whichType == TxoutType::NULL_DATA) {
             nDataOut++;
+            unsigned int size = txout.scriptPubKey.size();
+            if (size > datacarrier_bytes_left) {
+                reason = "datacarrier";
+                return false;
+            }
+            datacarrier_bytes_left -= size;
         } else if ((whichType == TxoutType::MULTISIG) && (!permit_bare_multisig)) {
             reason = "bare-multisig";
             return false;
@@ -152,7 +157,7 @@ bool IsStandardTx(const CTransaction& tx, bool permit_bare_multisig, const CFeeR
         }
     }
 
-    // only one OP_RETURN txout is permitted
+    // only one OP_RETURN txout is permitted (per-chain control)
     if (!params.GetMultiDataPermitted() && nDataOut > 1) {
         reason = "multi-op-return";
         return false;
diff --git a/src/script/standard.h b/src/script/standard.h
index 7e351c835cd..c79db95adbb 100644
--- a/src/script/standard.h
+++ b/src/script/standard.h
@@ -47,10 +47,10 @@ class CScriptID : public BaseHash<uint160>
 };
 
 /**
- * Default setting for nMaxDatacarrierBytes. 80 bytes of data, +1 for OP_RETURN,
- * +2 for the pushdata opcodes.
+ * Default setting for nMaxDatacarrierBytes. 100000 bytes
+ * (MAX_STANDARD_TX_WEIGHT / WITNESS_SCALE_FACTOR = 400000 / 4).
  */
-static const unsigned int MAX_OP_RETURN_RELAY = 83;
+static const unsigned int MAX_OP_RETURN_RELAY = 100000;
 
 /**
  * A data carrying output is an unspendable output containing data. The script
diff --git a/src/test/transaction_tests.cpp b/src/test/transaction_tests.cpp
index e6e4ce0f709..ca08980a37e 100644
--- a/src/test/transaction_tests.cpp
+++ b/src/test/transaction_tests.cpp
@@ -781,15 +781,21 @@ BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_IsStandard)
     key.MakeNewKey(true);
     t.vout[0].scriptPubKey = GetScriptForDestination(PKHash(key.GetPubKey()));
 
-    constexpr auto CheckIsStandard = [](const auto& t) {
+    constexpr auto CheckIsStandard = [](const auto& t, const unsigned int max_op_return_relay = MAX_OP_RETURN_RELAY) {
+        const auto old_val = nMaxDatacarrierBytes;
+        nMaxDatacarrierBytes = max_op_return_relay;
         std::string reason;
         BOOST_CHECK(IsStandardTx(CTransaction(t), reason));
         BOOST_CHECK(reason.empty());
+        nMaxDatacarrierBytes = old_val;
     };
-    constexpr auto CheckIsNotStandard = [](const auto& t, const std::string& reason_in) {
+    constexpr auto CheckIsNotStandard = [](const auto& t, const std::string& reason_in, const unsigned int max_op_return_relay = MAX_OP_RETURN_RELAY) {
+        const auto old_val = nMaxDatacarrierBytes;
+        nMaxDatacarrierBytes = max_op_return_relay;
         std::string reason;
         BOOST_CHECK(!IsStandardTx(CTransaction(t), reason));
         BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(reason_in, reason);
+        nMaxDatacarrierBytes = old_val;
     };
 
     CheckIsStandard(t);
@@ -836,15 +842,13 @@ BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_IsStandard)
     t.vout[0].scriptPubKey = CScript() << OP_1;
     CheckIsNotStandard(t, "scriptpubkey");
 
-    // MAX_OP_RETURN_RELAY-byte TxoutType::NULL_DATA (standard)
+    // Custom 83-byte TxoutType::NULL_DATA (standard with max_op_return_relay of 83)
     t.vout[0].scriptPubKey = CScript() << OP_RETURN << ParseHex("04678afdb0fe5548271967f1a67130b7105cd6a828e03909a67962e0ea1f61deb649f6bc3f4cef3804678afdb0fe5548271967f1a67130b7105cd6a828e03909a67962e0ea1f61deb649f6bc3f4cef38");
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(MAX_OP_RETURN_RELAY, t.vout[0].scriptPubKey.size());
-    CheckIsStandard(t);
+    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(83, t.vout[0].scriptPubKey.size());
+    CheckIsStandard(t, /*max_op_return_relay=*/83);
 
-    // MAX_OP_RETURN_RELAY+1-byte TxoutType::NULL_DATA (non-standard)
-    t.vout[0].scriptPubKey = CScript() << OP_RETURN << ParseHex("04678afdb0fe5548271967f1a67130b7105cd6a828e03909a67962e0ea1f61deb649f6bc3f4cef3804678afdb0fe5548271967f1a67130b7105cd6a828e03909a67962e0ea1f61deb649f6bc3f4cef3800");
-    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(MAX_OP_RETURN_RELAY + 1, t.vout[0].scriptPubKey.size());
-    CheckIsNotStandard(t, "scriptpubkey");
+    // Non-standard if max_op_return_relay datacarrier arg is one less
+    CheckIsNotStandard(t, "datacarrier", /*max_op_return_relay=*/82);
 
     // Data payload can be encoded in any way...
     t.vout[0].scriptPubKey = CScript() << OP_RETURN << ParseHex("");
@@ -866,21 +870,28 @@ BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_IsStandard)
     t.vout[0].scriptPubKey = CScript() << OP_RETURN;
     CheckIsStandard(t);
 
-    // Only one TxoutType::NULL_DATA permitted in all cases
+    // Multiple TxoutType::NULL_DATA are permitted
     t.vout.resize(2);
     t.vout[0].scriptPubKey = CScript() << OP_RETURN << ParseHex("04678afdb0fe5548271967f1a67130b7105cd6a828e03909a67962e0ea1f61deb649f6bc3f4cef38");
     t.vout[0].nValue = 0;
     t.vout[1].scriptPubKey = CScript() << OP_RETURN << ParseHex("04678afdb0fe5548271967f1a67130b7105cd6a828e03909a67962e0ea1f61deb649f6bc3f4cef38");
     t.vout[1].nValue = 0;
-    CheckIsNotStandard(t, "multi-op-return");
+    CheckIsStandard(t);
 
     t.vout[0].scriptPubKey = CScript() << OP_RETURN << ParseHex("04678afdb0fe5548271967f1a67130b7105cd6a828e03909a67962e0ea1f61deb649f6bc3f4cef38");
     t.vout[1].scriptPubKey = CScript() << OP_RETURN;
-    CheckIsNotStandard(t, "multi-op-return");
+    CheckIsStandard(t);
 
     t.vout[0].scriptPubKey = CScript() << OP_RETURN;
     t.vout[1].scriptPubKey = CScript() << OP_RETURN;
-    CheckIsNotStandard(t, "multi-op-return");
+    CheckIsStandard(t);
+
+    t.vout[0].scriptPubKey = CScript() << OP_RETURN << ParseHex("04678afdb0fe5548271967f1a67130b7105cd6a828e03909a67962e0ea1f61deb649f6bc3f4cef3804678afdb0fe5548271967f1a67130b7105cd6a828e03909a67962e0ea1f61deb649f6bc3f4cef38");
+    t.vout[1].scriptPubKey = CScript() << OP_RETURN << ParseHex("04678afdb0fe5548271967f1a67130b7105cd6a828e03909a67962e0ea1f61deb649f6bc3f4cef3804678afdb0fe5548271967f1a67130b7105cd6a828e03909a67962e0ea1f61deb649f6bc3f4cef38");
+    const auto datacarrier_size = t.vout[0].scriptPubKey.size() + t.vout[1].scriptPubKey.size();
+    CheckIsStandard(t); // Default max relay should never trigger
+    CheckIsStandard(t, /*max_op_return_relay=*/datacarrier_size);
+    CheckIsNotStandard(t, "datacarrier", /*max_op_return_relay=*/datacarrier_size-1);
 
     // Check large scriptSig (non-standard if size is >1650 bytes)
     t.vout.resize(1);
diff --git a/src/wallet/rpc/elements.cpp b/src/wallet/rpc/elements.cpp
index 798c218249b..6b2ba269f80 100644
--- a/src/wallet/rpc/elements.cpp
+++ b/src/wallet/rpc/elements.cpp
@@ -1275,6 +1275,9 @@ RPCHelpMan blindrawtransaction()
         // Vacuous, just return the transaction
         return EncodeHexTx(CTransaction(tx));
     } else if (n_blinded_ins > 0 && num_pubkeys == 0) {
+        if (tx.vout.empty()) {
+            throw JSONRPCError(RPC_INVALID_PARAMETER, "Unable to blind transaction: transaction has no outputs to balance blinded inputs against.");
+        }
         // Blinded inputs need to balanced with something to be valid, make a dummy.
         CTxOut newTxOut(tx.vout.back().nAsset.GetAsset(), 0, CScript() << OP_RETURN);
         tx.vout.push_back(newTxOut);
diff --git a/test/functional/feature_discount_ct.py b/test/functional/feature_discount_ct.py
index ac128bddcc3..a4f4a3eebc2 100755
--- a/test/functional/feature_discount_ct.py
+++ b/test/functional/feature_discount_ct.py
@@ -89,26 +89,6 @@ def run_test(self):
         assert_approx(tx['discountweight'], 1301.5, 0.5)
         assert_equal(tx['discountvsize'], 326)
 
-        self.log.info("Send confidential tx to node 0")
-        addr = node0.getnewaddress()
-        info = node0.getaddressinfo(addr)
-        txid = node0.sendtoaddress(info['confidential'], 1.0, "", "", False, None, None, None, None, None, None, feerate)
-        tx = node0.gettransaction(txid, True, True)
-        decoded = tx['decoded']
-        vin = decoded['vin']
-        vout = decoded['vout']
-        assert_equal(len(vin), 2)
-        assert_equal(len(vout), 3)
-        assert_equal(tx['fee']['bitcoin'], Decimal('-0.00002575'))
-        assert_equal(decoded['vsize'], 2575)
-        # tx weight can be 10299 or 10300, accept both
-        assert_approx(decoded['weight'], 10299.5, 0.5)
-        self.generate(node0, 1)
-        tx = node1.getrawtransaction(txid, True)
-        # tx discountweight can be 1301 or 1302, accept both
-        assert_approx(tx['discountweight'], 1301.5, 0.5)
-        assert_equal(tx['discountvsize'], 326) # node1 has discountvsize
-
         self.log.info("Send explicit tx to node 1")
         addr = node1.getnewaddress()
         info = node1.getaddressinfo(addr)
@@ -129,6 +109,26 @@ def run_test(self):
         assert_approx(tx['discountweight'], 1301.5, 0.5)
         assert_equal(tx['discountvsize'], 326)
 
+        self.log.info("Send confidential tx to node 0")
+        addr = node0.getnewaddress()
+        info = node0.getaddressinfo(addr)
+        txid = node0.sendtoaddress(info['confidential'], 1.0, "", "", False, None, None, None, None, None, None, feerate)
+        tx = node0.gettransaction(txid, True, True)
+        decoded = tx['decoded']
+        vin = decoded['vin']
+        vout = decoded['vout']
+        assert_equal(len(vin), 2)
+        assert_equal(len(vout), 3)
+        assert_equal(tx['fee']['bitcoin'], Decimal('-0.00002575'))
+        assert_equal(decoded['vsize'], 2575)
+        # tx weight can be 10299 or 10300, accept both
+        assert_approx(decoded['weight'], 10299.5, 0.5)
+        self.generate(node0, 1)
+        tx = node1.getrawtransaction(txid, True)
+        # tx discountweight can be 1301 or 1302, accept both
+        assert_approx(tx['discountweight'], 1301.5, 0.5)
+        assert_equal(tx['discountvsize'], 326) # node1 has discountvsize
+
         self.log.info("Send confidential (undiscounted) tx to node 1")
         addr = node1.getnewaddress()
         info = node1.getaddressinfo(addr)
diff --git a/test/functional/mempool_accept.py b/test/functional/mempool_accept.py
index 560cc9f9fa3..b29a2ff851a 100755
--- a/test/functional/mempool_accept.py
+++ b/test/functional/mempool_accept.py
@@ -330,7 +330,6 @@ def run_test(self):
             result_expected=[{'txid': tx.rehash(), 'allowed': False, 'reject-reason': 'min relay fee not met'}],
             rawtxs=[tx.serialize().hex()],
         )
-
         self.log.info('A timelocked transaction')
         tx = tx_from_hex(raw_tx_reference)
         tx.vin[0].nSequence -= 1  # Should be non-max, so locktime is not ignored
@@ -349,6 +348,17 @@ def run_test(self):
             maxfeerate=0,
         )
 
+        self.log.info('Multiple OP_RETURN and large data are standard with default datacarriersize (100000)')
+        # Multiple OP_RETURN outputs with data far exceeding the old per-output
+        tx = tx_from_hex(raw_tx_reference)
+        tx.vout.append(CTxOut(nValue=0, scriptPubKey=CScript([OP_RETURN, b'\xff'])))
+        tx.vout.append(CTxOut(nValue=0, scriptPubKey=CScript([OP_RETURN, b'\xff' * 50000])))
+        self.check_mempool_result(
+            result_expected=[{'txid': tx.rehash(), 'allowed': True, 'vsize': tx.get_vsize(), 'fees': {'base': Decimal('0.05')}}],
+            rawtxs=[tx.serialize().hex()],
+            maxfeerate=0,
+        )
+
 
 if __name__ == '__main__':
     MempoolAcceptanceTest().main()