feat: batching extrinsic for saving fees #787

SmartDever02 · 2025-12-22T18:49:28Z

This PR implements comprehensive batching support for CLI commands that can submit multiple extrinsic calls, significantly reducing transaction fees for users. This closes GitHub issue #567.

Core Changes:

New Batching Interface (subtensor_interface.py)
- Added sign_and_send_batch_extrinsic() method to support batching multiple GenericCall objects into a single transaction
- Supports three batch types: 'batch', 'batch_all', and 'force_batch'
- Defaults to 'batch_all' to ensure atomicity (all succeed or all fail)
- Fully integrates with existing features: MEV protection, proxy transactions, era management, and nonce handling
- Returns detailed results including success status, extrinsic receipt, and individual call results
Stake Add Command Refactoring (stake/add.py)
- Refactored to collect multiple stake operations (across different netuids and/or hotkeys) into a single batch transaction
- Automatically uses batching when multiple --netuid or --hotkey arguments are provided
- Optimized balance fetching using asyncio.gather for parallel queries
- Enhanced display to show:
  - Individual stake changes per netuid/hotkey combination
  - Final coldkey balance change (previous_balance -> current_balance) * Clear visual feedback for each operation in the batch
Stake Remove Command Refactoring (stake/remove.py)
- Refactored unstake() to batch multiple remove_stake operations
- Refactored unstake_all() to batch multiple unstake_all operations
- Supports batching when:
  - Multiple --netuid arguments are provided
  - Multiple --hotkey arguments are provided * --include-hotkeys with multiple hotkeys is used
- Optimized stake balance fetching using asyncio.gather
- Enhanced display to show:
  - Individual unstake changes per netuid/hotkey
  - Remaining stake balances after operations * Final coldkey balance change (previous_balance -> current_balance)
- Captures initial balance at function start for accurate display
CLI Validation Updates (cli.py)
- Removed restriction preventing unstake_all with multiple --include-hotkeys
- Updated logic to properly initialize wallet when include_hotkeys is provided
- Now supports batching unstake_all operations across multiple hotkeys

Technical Details:

Batch Type: Uses Utility.batch_all by default, ensuring atomic execution
Fee Savings: Multiple operations combined into single transaction fee
Backward Compatibility: Single operations still work as before (no batching)
Error Handling: batch_all ensures all operations succeed or fail together
Display Consistency: Balance changes shown consistently across all stake operations

Benefits:

Significant fee reduction when performing multiple stake/unstake operations
Improved user experience with clear feedback on all operations
Atomic operations prevent partial failures
Maintains all existing functionality (MEV protection, proxy, etc.)

Tests for batching:

Created test_batching.py for batching extrinsic opeartions

Closes #567

SmartDever02 · 2025-12-22T19:08:17Z

what's the reason tests failing in pipeline? as on my local they passed.

SmartDever02 · 2025-12-22T19:26:21Z

what's the reason tests failing in pipeline? as on my local they passed.

okay it was because of #778 , pushed a fix

SmartDever02 · 2026-02-02T14:58:18Z

@basfroman were you able to check my pr? FYI - am not mining gittensor anymore
am back to this pr as I noticed batching is not implemented yet while unstaking some subnet alphas

basfroman

Thank you for contribution!

What I like:

good idea and motivation
backward compatibility
integration with existing features
parallel retrieval of balances

But this logic:

has critical bugs
have to be up-to-date with staging (as fas as I can see, currently it doesn't)
should have more understandable and detailed docstrings for the new functions

basfroman · 2026-02-02T21:28:32Z

bittensor_cli/src/commands/stake/remove.py

+                    )
+                    if not mev_success:
+                        status.stop()
+                        print_error.print(


print_error is a function and don't have print parameter.

basfroman · 2026-02-02T21:28:51Z

bittensor_cli/src/commands/stake/remove.py

+                    )
+                    if not mev_success:
+                        status.stop()
+                        print_error.print(


print_error is a function and don't have print parameter.

basfroman · 2026-02-02T23:17:25Z

bittensor_cli/src/commands/stake/remove.py

+                        console.print(
+                            f"[yellow][DEBUG][/yellow] Operation {idx} (netuid={op['netuid']}): assigning ext_id={batch_ext_id}"
+                        )


We usually show debug info in verbose mode.

basfroman · 2026-02-02T23:18:14Z

bittensor_cli/src/commands/stake/remove.py

+    coldkey_ss58 = proxy or wallet.coldkeypub.ss58_address
+
+    # Capture initial balance before operations
+    initial_balance_all = await subtensor.get_balance(coldkey_ss58)


variable 'initial_balance_all' value is not used

basfroman · 2026-02-02T23:21:14Z

bittensor_cli/src/bittensor/subtensor_interface.py

+            try:
+                # Extract batch execution results from receipt
+                # The receipt should contain information about which calls succeeded/failed
+                for i, call in enumerate(calls):
+                    call_results.append(
+                        {
+                            "index": i,
+                            "call": call,
+                            "success": True,  # Will be updated if we can parse receipt
+                        }
+                    )
+            except Exception:
+                # If we can't parse results, assume all succeeded if batch succeeded
+                for i, call in enumerate(calls):
+                    call_results.append(
+                        {
+                            "index": i,
+                            "call": call,
+                            "success": success,
+                        }
+                    )


this try/except block is pointless - the code in the try block will never raise an exception (a simple loop with append). The comment Will be updated if we can parse receipt indicates an incomplete implementation.

Pls either implement parsing of events from the receipt to determine the success of individual calls, or remove the dead code

basfroman · 2026-02-02T23:23:44Z

bittensor_cli/src/commands/stake/add.py

+                proxy=proxy,
+                nonce=next_nonce,
+                mev_protection=mev_protection,
+                batch_type="batch_all",  # Use batch_all to execute all even if some fail


This is a misunderstanding. batch_all means: all calls will be executed, but if at least one fails, all will be rolled back. it doesn't mean execute all even if some fail.

If you need to execute all regardless of errors you need force_batch (which is in the signature, but not used).
Pls, clarify the requirements and correct the comments/logic

basfroman · 2026-02-02T23:28:22Z

bittensor_cli/src/commands/stake/add.py

+            if batch_success and batch_receipt:
+                if mev_protection:


I'd recommend you to create something like handle_mev_protection function with proper parameters to handle the result. You broke DRY rule.
Currently, you have 3 exact the same code section in stake_add, unstake, and unstake_all calls.

basfroman · 2026-02-02T23:29:40Z

bittensor_cli/src/commands/stake/remove.py

+                batch_success,
+                batch_err_msg,
+                batch_receipt,
+                call_results,


this call_results never used

basfroman · 2026-02-02T23:32:13Z

tests/e2e_tests/test_batching.py

The e2e tests doesn't verify:

the correctness of balances after transactions

that the stake is actually added/removed

behavior in case of errors

SmartDever02 added 5 commits December 19, 2025 08:18

feat: batching extrinsic for stake add/remove and update cli restriction

1bf1e61

feat: json output

74b9bea

test: add unstaking batch

a46392a

test: batching extrinsic

9992393

format: ruff

10c0304

SmartDever02 added 2 commits December 22, 2025 20:10

Merge remote-tracking branch 'upstream/staging' into issue-567

ce4dcba

fix: error_console => print_error

7e4e565

SmartDever02 added 3 commits December 22, 2025 20:27

format: ruff fix

d35a268

test: add tolerance to handle price volatility in pipeline

318e280

test: unsafe stake add

570670f

SmartDever02 force-pushed the issue-567 branch from d33ac51 to 570670f Compare December 23, 2025 01:07

basfroman requested changes Feb 2, 2026

View reviewed changes

basfroman requested review from ibraheem-abe and thewhaleking February 2, 2026 23:36

feat: batching extrinsic for saving fees #787

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feat: batching extrinsic for saving fees #787

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SmartDever02 commented Dec 22, 2025 • edited Loading Uh oh! There was an error while loading. Please reload this page.

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Core Changes:

Technical Details:

Benefits:

Tests for batching:

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SmartDever02 commented Dec 22, 2025

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SmartDever02 commented Dec 22, 2025 •

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SmartDever02 commented Feb 2, 2026 •

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