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feat: decrypt sealed payloads in the dashboard and CLI - #3146

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Jul 28, 2026
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feat: decrypt sealed payloads in the dashboard and CLI#3146
TooTallNate merged 3 commits into
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nate/encp-o11y-decrypt

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Replaces #3097. That PR was force-closed as "merged" by GitHub when I
force-pushed its base branch to a commit that happened to contain its head —
GitHub concluded it had merged into its base. Its code never reached main.
It cannot be reopened, so this PR carries the identical work. Review history
on #3097 still applies.

Ordering change: this now targets main directly and should land before
#3096, per the review there. #3096 begins emitting sealed (encp) hook payloads
while workflow inspect --decrypt can only build a symmetric key, so merging it
first would leave those payloads showing as ciphertext placeholders. Landing the
reader first closes that window.

To make this PR stand alone, deriveRunPayloadKeys moved here from #3096 — it
is the capability the reader needs, and its own doc says to use it "anywhere a
run reads its own event log", so it belongs on this side regardless.


PR 5 of 7. Stacked on #3096; review the stack in order, starting from #3093.

Why this is required, not optional

Once #3096 lands, a hook resumption from another deployment writes a sealed payload into the run's event log. Observability tooling can't open it: hydrateDataWithKey only ever ran AES-GCM. So the dashboard and CLI would render a 🔒 placeholder on data the user is entitled to read and has already supplied the key for — a visible debugging regression on exactly the runs this work speeds up.

What changed

hydrateDataWithKey delegates to the envelope layer, which dispatches on the 4-byte format prefix, instead of unconditionally decrypting with AES-GCM.

All four o11y key-resolution sites now resolve the run's full key capability rather than just its symmetric key:

Site Path
@workflow/web-shared hydrateResourceIOAsync
@workflow/web use-stream-reader (hand-rolled frame decode)
@workflow/cli --decrypt field hydration
@workflow/cli --decrypt stream output

Each already had the raw 32 bytes in hand, so this costs one extra key derivation and no additional requests or round trips.

A caller that supplies only a symmetric key still gets the ciphertext placeholder for sealed payloads rather than a decryption error — that key never could have opened them, so surfacing a failure would be misleading.

Browser bundling

The natural import for the new helper is @workflow/core/serialization, but that module graph reaches node:util and node:async_hooks and cannot be bundled for the browser — which is precisely what the @workflow/core/serialization-format entrypoint exists to avoid. I hit this as a build failure and moved the key helpers to a re-export from that browser-safe entrypoint; the two browser consumers import from there, while the CLI keeps the direct import since it runs on Node.

Verified by walking the built import graph: serialization-format.js reaches 6 modules and zero Node built-ins.

Tests

Two new cases assert the o11y path opens a real sealed payload with the derived keypair, and that the same resolved key still opens the run's own symmetric payloads — a run's event log mixes both.

Core suite 1598 passing, web-shared 160, CLI 78. Zero new lint diagnostics (diffed against a stashed baseline).

Without this, any payload another run sealed to this one renders as a lock
icon with no way to open it — a visible regression for anyone debugging a
run that received a cross-deployment hook resumption. The user is entitled
to read the data and has already supplied the key; only the plumbing was
missing.

`hydrateDataWithKey` now delegates to the envelope layer, which dispatches
on the format prefix, instead of unconditionally running AES-GCM. All four
o11y key-resolution sites (web-shared hydration, the web stream reader,
and both CLI `--decrypt` paths) resolve the full capability rather than
just the symmetric key. Each already had the raw 32 bytes in hand, so this
costs one extra derivation and no additional requests.

A caller that supplies only a symmetric key still gets the ciphertext
placeholder for sealed payloads rather than a decryption error, since that
key never could have opened them.

**Browser bundling.** The obvious import for the new helper is
`@workflow/core/serialization`, but that module graph reaches `node:util`
and `node:async_hooks` and cannot be bundled for the browser — which is
what `@workflow/core/serialization-format` exists to avoid. The key
helpers are re-exported from that browser-safe entrypoint instead, and the
two browser consumers import from there; the CLI keeps the direct import
since it runs on Node. Verified by walking the built import graph: the
entrypoint reaches 6 modules and zero Node built-ins.

Unrelated: `pnpm --filter @workflow/web build` currently fails on `main`
too (`reducers/common.js` importing `node:util`). Turbo caching had been
hiding it; touching core caused a cache miss that surfaced it. Not
addressed here.
- `hydrateDataWithKey` accepted `PayloadKey`, which includes `SealTarget`.
  A seal target holds only a public key, so it can open neither scheme —
  passing one compiled fine and then always failed at runtime. Added a
  `DecryptionKey` alias (`CryptoKey | RunPayloadKeys`) and narrowed the
  signature, so that misuse is now a compile error. A `@ts-expect-error`
  test pins the guarantee.
- `hydrateResourceIOAsync` dynamically imported
  `@workflow/core/serialization-format` twice. Destructure both bindings
  from the single existing import instead.
@TooTallNate
TooTallNate requested review from a team and ijjk as code owners July 27, 2026 23:49
Copilot AI review requested due to automatic review settings July 27, 2026 23:49
@changeset-bot

changeset-bot Bot commented Jul 27, 2026

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🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: 916bc93

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 16 packages
Name Type
@workflow/core Minor
@workflow/web-shared Patch
@workflow/web Patch
@workflow/cli Patch
@workflow/builders Patch
@workflow/next Patch
@workflow/nitro Patch
@workflow/vitest Patch
workflow Minor
@workflow/world-testing Patch
@workflow/astro Patch
@workflow/nest Patch
@workflow/nuxt Patch
@workflow/rollup Patch
@workflow/sveltekit Patch
@workflow/vite Patch

Not sure what this means? Click here to learn what changesets are.

Click here if you're a maintainer who wants to add another changeset to this PR

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Copilot was unable to review this pull request because the user who requested the review has reached their quota limit.

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The latest updates on your projects. Learn more about Vercel for GitHub.

Project Deployment Actions Updated (UTC)
example-nextjs-workflow-turbopack Ready Ready Preview, Comment Jul 28, 2026 12:08am
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📊 Workflow Benchmarks

commit 916bc93 · Tue, 28 Jul 2026 00:26:55 GMT · run logs

Backend: vercel · app: nextjs-turbopack

Metric Scenario Best (ms) P75 (ms) P90 (ms) P99 (ms) Samples
TTFS step 228 (-69%) 💚 1407 🔴 (+24%) 🔻 1449 🔴 (+20%) 🔻 1751 🔴 (+28%) 🔻 30
TTFS stream 273 (-13%) 1428 🔴 (+30%) 🔻 1438 🔴 (+26%) 🔻 1527 🔴 (+30%) 🔻 30
TTFS hook + stream 572 (-55%) 💚 1694 🔴 (+21%) 🔻 1740 🔴 (+19%) 🔻 1895 🔴 (+16%) 🔻 30
STSO 1020 steps (1-20) 185 (+8.8%) 327 🔴 (+8.3%) 550 🔴 (+56%) 🔻 681 🔴 (+80%) 🔻 19
STSO 1020 steps (101-120) 205 (+4.1%) 298 🔴 (-12%) 473 🔴 (+16%) 🔻 598 🔴 (+20%) 🔻 19
STSO 1020 steps (1001-1020) 473 (-2.1%) 563 🔴 (-1.9%) 669 🔴 (+3.6%) 852 🔴 (+30%) 🔻 19
WO 1020 steps 410726 (-6.4%) 410726 (-6.4%) 410726 (-6.4%) 410726 (-6.4%) 1
SL stream latency 97 (+4.3%) 196 🔴 (+17%) 🔻 257 🔴 (+9.8%) 592 🔴 (+134%) 🔻 30
SO stream overhead (text) 126 (-3.8%) 303 🔴 (+4.5%) 400 (+13%) 543 (+29%) 🔻 30
SO stream overhead (structured) 135 (±0%) 391 🔴 (+50%) 🔻 729 🔴 (+162%) 🔻 5527 🔴 (+1238%) 🔻 30
ℹ️ Metric definitions & methodology

Best/P75/P90/P99 deltas compare against the most recent benchmark run on main at the time of this run. 🔻 flags a delta worse than +15%, 💚 one better than −15%.

Metrics — TTFS: time to first step body (in-deployment start() → first step body, deployment clocks) · STSO: step-to-step overhead (gap between consecutive step bodies) · WO: workflow overhead (whole-run time outside step bodies, in-deployment anchored) · SL: stream latency (in-deployment write → read propagation, readAt - writtenAt) · SO: stream overhead (end-to-end write+consume time beyond the modelled generation window)

Scenarios — step: one trivial no-op step, no stream; no hooks, so the run stays in turbo mode (in-process fast path) · stream: one streaming step; no hooks, so the run stays in turbo mode (in-process fast path) · hook + stream: registers a hook before one step, which exits turbo mode (dispatch path) · 1020 steps: 1020 trivial sequential steps; STSO is measured between consecutive steps in the given step ranges, and WO is the whole-run overhead outside step bodies · stream latency: parallel reader/writer steps on a dedicated stream; SL is the in-deployment write->read propagation (readAt - writtenAt) · stream overhead (text): writer streams 300 variable-length text token deltas paced at 100/s for 3s (a haiku-size LLM's token throughput) while a parallel reader drains the whole stream; SO is the end-to-end write+consume time beyond the 3s generation window (overhead/backpressure) · stream overhead (structured): same workload as stream overhead (text), but each delta is an AI-SDK-style structured object ({ type: 'text-delta', id, text }) instead of a raw string, so the SO gap vs the text scenario is the added serialization cost

🔴 marks a percentile over its target (within target is left unmarked). Targets (p75/p90/p99, ms) — TTFS 200/300/600 · SL 50/60/125 · SO 250/500/1000 · STSO (1-20) 20/30/60 · STSO (101-120) 30/45/90 · STSO (1001-1020) 40/60/120

All metrics are measured from deployment-side timestamps only. Runs are triggered by an in-deployment route that stamps the anchor (clientStart) right before start(), so the CI runner’s request and its path through api.vercel.com sit outside every measured window. TTFS = in-deployment start() → first step body (turbo uses the in-process fast path, non-turbo the dispatch path), and includes the VQS dispatch hop plus any /flow cold start. STSO/WO are measured between step bodies on the deployment. SL is measured inside the workflow (parallel reader/writer steps), so it no longer includes the api.vercel.com read path.

Cold starts are kept in the numbers on purpose — they are part of real bursty-workload latency. The workbench deployment cold-starts the /flow invocation for a large fraction of runs, inflating P75+; the Best column shows the fastest (warm-start) sample for comparison.

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🧪 E2E Test Results

All tests passed

E2E Test Summary

Summary
Passed Failed Skipped Total
✅ ▲ Vercel Production 1455 0 239 1694
✅ 💻 Local Development 1621 0 227 1848
✅ 📦 Local Production 1621 0 227 1848
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres 1621 0 227 1848
✅ 🪟 Windows 154 0 0 154
✅ 📋 Other 1020 0 212 1232
✅ vercel-multi-region 27 0 0 27
Total 7519 0 1132 8651
Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production

App Passed Failed Skipped
✅ astro 126 0 28
✅ example 126 0 28
✅ express 126 0 28
✅ fastify 126 0 28
✅ hono 126 0 28
✅ nextjs-turbopack 151 0 3
✅ nextjs-webpack 151 0 3
✅ nitro 126 0 28
✅ nuxt 126 0 28
✅ sveltekit 145 0 9
✅ vite 126 0 28

✅ 💻 Local Development

App Passed Failed Skipped
✅ astro-stable 128 0 26
✅ express-stable 128 0 26
✅ fastify-stable 128 0 26
✅ hono-stable 128 0 26
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary 135 0 19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable 154 0 0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary 135 0 19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable 154 0 0
✅ nitro-stable 128 0 26
✅ nuxt-stable 128 0 26
✅ sveltekit-stable 147 0 7
✅ vite-stable 128 0 26

✅ 📦 Local Production

App Passed Failed Skipped
✅ astro-stable 128 0 26
✅ express-stable 128 0 26
✅ fastify-stable 128 0 26
✅ hono-stable 128 0 26
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary 135 0 19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable 154 0 0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary 135 0 19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable 154 0 0
✅ nitro-stable 128 0 26
✅ nuxt-stable 128 0 26
✅ sveltekit-stable 147 0 7
✅ vite-stable 128 0 26

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

App Passed Failed Skipped
✅ astro-stable 128 0 26
✅ express-stable 128 0 26
✅ fastify-stable 128 0 26
✅ hono-stable 128 0 26
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary 135 0 19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable 154 0 0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary 135 0 19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable 154 0 0
✅ nitro-stable 128 0 26
✅ nuxt-stable 128 0 26
✅ sveltekit-stable 147 0 7
✅ vite-stable 128 0 26

✅ 🪟 Windows

App Passed Failed Skipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack 154 0 0

✅ 📋 Other

App Passed Failed Skipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable 128 0 26
✅ e2e-local-dev-tanstack-start- 128 0 26
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable 128 0 26
✅ e2e-local-postgres-tanstack-start- 128 0 26
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable 128 0 26
✅ e2e-local-prod-tanstack-start- 128 0 26
✅ e2e-vercel-prod-nest 126 0 28
✅ e2e-vercel-prod-tanstack-start 126 0 28

✅ vercel-multi-region

App Passed Failed Skipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack 27 0 0

📋 View full workflow run

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ai review: The decryption changes look correct, but the published @workflow/web package is missing from the changeset.

Comment thread .changeset/encp-o11y-decrypt.md

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Reviewed at 85e262c. Implementation looks good; the existing inline changeset note is non-blocking.

This PR changes the dashboard's stream reader
(`packages/web/app/lib/hooks/use-stream-reader.ts`) so it dispatches on the
envelope format and can read sealed (`encp`) frames, but the changeset listed
only core, web-shared and cli.

`@workflow/web` is published, so without an entry the change would still ship —
just as an incidental dependency bump, with nothing in that package's release
notes explaining that sealed-stream decryption landed.
@TooTallNate
TooTallNate enabled auto-merge (squash) July 28, 2026 00:14
@TooTallNate
TooTallNate merged commit e8bc7d6 into main Jul 28, 2026
174 of 176 checks passed
@TooTallNate
TooTallNate deleted the nate/encp-o11y-decrypt branch July 28, 2026 00:36
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No backport to stable for e8bc7d6 (AI decision).

This is feature work — PR 5 of 7 in a stack that introduces the sealed-box (encp) payload scheme, adding new capability (deriveRunPayloadKeys, DecryptionKey, browser-safe re-exports) to observability tooling. It also builds directly on main-only APIs: git ls-tree origin/stable confirms packages/core/src/sealed-box.ts and packages/core/src/serialization/encryption.ts do not exist on stable, so the cherry-pick could not even work. The "regression" it fixes only materializes once the rest of the sealed-payload stack lands, which is not on the maintenance line.

To override, re-run the Backport to stable workflow manually via workflow_dispatch and paste this commit SHA into the ref input:

e8bc7d6aadcdb5f89de1be71cfcafe5e9085ed25

pranaygp added a commit that referenced this pull request Jul 28, 2026
…ry-2

* origin/main: (292 commits)
  feat(core): seal forwarded stream writes to the owner's public key (#3098)
  feat(core): seal hook payloads to the target run's public key (#3096)
  [e2e] Rebuild the event-log corruption repro around step-count divergence (#3147)
  feat: decrypt sealed payloads in the dashboard and CLI (#3146)
  Prewarm only appended replay payloads (#3131)
  feat: publish each run's X25519 public key on the run entity (#3095)
  feat(core): route sealed envelopes through the serialization layer (#3094)
  docs: redirect retired migration-guides URLs to comparisons (#3127)
  feat(core): add `encp` sealed-box encryption primitive (#3093)
  chore(core): clarify runtime comments (#3111)
  Remove obsolete world factory aliases (#3112)
  feat(core): deterministic sandbox hardening (#3045)
  Remove retired v1 step route plumbing (#3061)
  [core] Don't count racing invocations' duplicate step_started events toward the maxRetries ceiling (#3069)
  [world-testing] Isolate each spawned test server's data directory (#3055)
  fix: upgrade postcss to >=8.5.18 to address GHSA-r28c-9q8g-f849 (#3102)
  [next] Respect .gitignore in dev watcher to avoid EMFILE on large monorepos (#3085)
  [ci] Backport only stability fixes to `stable`, default to claude-opus-5 (#3092)
  perf(core): immediate leading-edge dispatch for idle streams (flush window default 0) (#3088)
  Optimize `processImportSpecifier` by computing `shouldFollowImportsFromFile` once per file (#3052)
  ...

# Conflicts:
#	docs/components/geistdocs/desktop-menu.tsx
#	docs/components/geistdocs/mobile-menu.tsx
#	docs/content/docs/v5/cookbook/advanced/child-workflows.mdx
#	docs/content/docs/v5/cookbook/advanced/upgrading-workflows.mdx
#	docs/content/docs/v5/cookbook/agent-patterns/agent-cancellation.mdx
#	docs/content/docs/v5/cookbook/agent-patterns/durable-agent.mdx
#	docs/content/docs/v5/cookbook/agent-patterns/human-in-the-loop.mdx
#	docs/content/docs/v5/cookbook/common-patterns/batching.mdx
#	docs/content/docs/v5/cookbook/common-patterns/idempotency.mdx
#	docs/content/docs/v5/cookbook/common-patterns/rate-limiting.mdx
#	docs/content/docs/v5/cookbook/common-patterns/saga.mdx
#	docs/content/docs/v5/cookbook/common-patterns/scheduling.mdx
#	docs/content/docs/v5/cookbook/common-patterns/sequential-and-parallel.mdx
#	docs/content/docs/v5/cookbook/common-patterns/timeouts.mdx
#	docs/content/docs/v5/cookbook/common-patterns/webhooks.mdx
#	docs/content/docs/v5/cookbook/common-patterns/workflow-composition.mdx
#	docs/content/docs/v5/cookbook/index.mdx
#	docs/content/docs/v5/cookbook/integrations/ai-sdk.mdx
#	docs/content/docs/v5/cookbook/integrations/chat-sdk.mdx
#	docs/content/docs/v5/cookbook/integrations/sandbox.mdx
#	docs/next.config.ts
#	docs/proxy.ts
#	docs/scripts/lint.ts
#	pnpm-lock.yaml
#	pnpm-workspace.yaml
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